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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21514/1998-426X-2024-17-3-79-92</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-1063</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Удельная активность 60 Co, 137Cs и 241Am в просеянной почве и почвенных включениях с места проведения мирных ядерных взрывов «Тайга»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Activity concentrations of 60 Co, 137Cs and 241Am in sieved soil and soil inclusions from the «Taiga» peaceful nuclear explosions site</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рамзаев</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ramzaev</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рамзаев Валерий Павлович - кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории внешнего облучения.</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery P. Ramzaev - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher, External Exposure Laboratory, Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing.</p><p>Mira Str., 8, Saint Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">V.Ramzaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Репин</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Repin</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Репин Виктор Степанович - доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией экологии.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor S. Repin - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Head of Ecology Laboratory of Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing.</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт радиационной гигиены имени профессора П.В. Рамзаева, Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>92</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рамзаев В.П., Репин В.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рамзаев В.П., Репин В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ramzaev V.P., Repin V.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/1063">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/1063</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены результаты сравнительного анализа содержания 137Cs, 60Co и 241Am в компонентах проб почвы, отобранной в 2009 году на территории, прилегающей к месту проведения экскавационных мирных ядерных взрывов «Тайга» (Пермский край, Россия). Целью исследования было выявить различия между нативной почвой, просеянной мелкодисперсной фракцией почвы и отсеянными почвенными компонентами по показателю удельной активности радионуклидов. Для фракционирования почвы использовали сито с размером ячеек 1,2 мм. Измерения активности радионуклидов в счетных образцах выполняли с помощью полупроводникового гамма-спектрометра. По сравнению с исходной нативной почвой, просеянная фракция почвы характеризуется статистически значимо меньшими величинами удельной активности 137Cs (в 1,2 раза), 60Co (в 2,2 раза) и 241Am (в 2,6 раза). В твердых радиоактивных включениях, которые содержались в отсеянной крупнодисперсной фракции, значения удельной активности 137Cs, 60Co и 241Am были существенно выше таковых в нативной почве. Эти различия достигали десятикратных и более значений для тугоплавких и труднолетучих 60Co и 241Am. Предположительно, эти радионуклиды концентрировались преимущественно в стеклообразном веществе радиоактивных включений. Для 137Cs эта неравномерность загрязнения разных компонентов почвы была менее выраженной. Полученные результаты будут использованы для стандартизации методов оценки радиоактивного загрязнения территории в местах проведения мирных ядерных взрывов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents results of comparative study of 137Cs, 60Co, and 241Am activity concentrations in components of the soil samples collected in 2009 on the territory adjacent to the «Taiga» peaceful nuclear explosions site (the Perm region, Russia). The objective of the study was to identify differences between: 1) non fractionated native soil, 2) the soil passed through a sieve with a mesh size of 1.2 mm, and 3) the screened out coarse components. Measurements of the radionuclides activities in counting samples were performed using a semiconductor gamma spectrometer. Statistically significantly lower activity concentrations of 137Cs (factor of 1.2), 60Co (factor of 2.2) and 241Am (factor of 2.6) were found in the finely dispersed sieved fraction of soil compared to the native soil. On the opposite, in the solid radioactive inclusions selected from the screened out coarse fraction, the activity concentrations of 137Cs, 60Co and 241Am were significantly higher compared to those in the native soil. Especially large differences (up to a factor of 10 and more) between the native soil and radioactive inclusions were observed for the refractory and low-volatile 60Co and 241Am. Presumably, these radionuclides were concentrated predominantly in the glassy substance of the radioactive inclusions. For 137Cs, the unevenness in the contamination of different soil components was less pronounced. The results obtained will be used to standardize methods for assessing radioactive contamination of the territory at the sites of peaceful nuclear explosions</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мирный ядерный взрыв</kwd><kwd>почва</kwd><kwd>фракционирование</kwd><kwd>просеивание</kwd><kwd>137Cs</kwd><kwd>60 Co</kwd><kwd>241Am</kwd><kwd>удельная активность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>peaceful nuclear explosion</kwd><kwd>soil</kwd><kwd>fractionation</kwd><kwd>sieving</kwd><kwd>137Cs</kwd><kwd>60 Co</kwd><kwd>241Am</kwd><kwd>activity concentration</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках отраслевой программы Роспотребнадзора на 2021-2025 гг. «Научное обоснование национальной системы обеспечения санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия, управления рисками здоровью и повышения качества жизни населения России» по теме: «Совершенствование и развитие методов мониторинга объектов окружающей среды в районах проведения мирных ядерных взрывов. Радиационно-гигиеническая характеристика источников питьевого водоснабжения». Авторы благодарят двух анонимных рецензентов за конструктивные комментарии, которые позволили улучшить качество рукописи.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed within the framework of the sectoral program of Rospotrebnadzor for 2021-2025: «Scientific substantiation of the national system for ensuring sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing, managing health risksand improving the quality of life of the population of Russia» on the topic: «Improving and developing methods for monitoring of environmental media in areas where peaceful nuclear explosions were performed. Radiation-hygienic characteristics of sources of drinking water supply». 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