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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21514/1998-426X-2024-17-4-7-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-1098</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Накопление 137Cs древесными растениями и съедобными грибами на месте проведения мирных ядерных взрывов «Тайга»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>137Cs accumulation by woody plants and edible mushrooms at the «Taiga» peaceful nuclear explosions site</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рамзаев</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ramzaev</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рамзаев Валерий Павлович – кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории внешнего облучения.</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery P. Ramzaev – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher, External Exposure Laboratory, Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing.</p><p>Mira Str., 8, Saint Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">V.Ramzaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Репин</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Repin</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Репин Виктор Степанович – доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель отдела здоровья, заведующий лабораторией экологии.</p><p>Санкт–Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor S. Repin – Doctor of Biological Sciences, Head of Ecology Laboratory of Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing.</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт радиационной гигиены имени профессора П.В. Рамзаева, Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рамзаев В.П., Репин В.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рамзаев В.П., Репин В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ramzaev V.P., Repin V.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/1098">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/1098</self-uri><abstract><p>В 1971 году в Пермском крае (Российская Федерация) был проведен одновременный подрыв трех термоядерных зарядов серии «Тайга» с целью изучения возможности применения ядерных взрывных технологий для создания канала Печора-Кама. В результате этих подземных взрывов на поверхность земли вместе с грунтом и породой были выброшены долгоживущие техногенные радионуклиды. Со временем на отвалах радиоактивно загрязненного грунта сформировалась новая лесная экосистема. Целью настоящей работы являлась оценка накопления 137Cs в древесных видах растений и в съедобных грибах на отдаленном этапе (спустя 38 лет) после радиоактивного загрязнения окружающей среды. Определено содержание 137Cs в органах березы (Betula pubescens), ели (Picea abies), осины (Populus tremula) и сосны (Pinus sylvestris), а также в плодовых телах грибов видов Boletus edulis (белый гриб), Leccinum aurantiacum (подосиновик), Russula (виды сыроежек) и Suillus luteus (масленок обыкновенный). Активность 137Cs в образцах измеряли методом гамма-спектрометрии с использованием HPGe детектора. Значения удельной активности 137Cs (на сухой вес) в пробах древесины, игл (1-го года)/листьев и грибов находились в диапазоне 0,5-6,8 Бк/кг, 54-112 Бк/кг и 212-3260 Бк/кг соответственно. Используя эти результаты и ранее опубликованные данные о плотности загрязнения почвы 137Cs на объекте «Тайга», были вычислены значения агрегированного коэффициента перехода радионуклида в экологической паре почва-биота (кг/м2). Установлено, что значения коэффициента перехода 137Cs из почвы в биоту для всех исследованных видов на объекте «Тайга» являются крайне низкими по сравнению с теми, которые были оценены многими авторами для других мест радиоактивного загрязнения, в частности для территорий, загрязненных 137Cs в результате аварии на Чернобыльской АЭС. Обсуждены возможные причины малого накопления 137Cs в биоте на объекте «Тайга».</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In 1971 in the Perm region (the Russian Federation), three thermonuclear charges of the “Taiga” series were simultaneously detonated in order to test nuclear explosive technologies for creation of the Pechora-Kama canal. As a result of the underground explosions, long-lived technogenic radionuclides were released onto the surface of the earth along with soil and rock. Over time, a new forest ecosystem formed on the mound of the radioactively contaminated ground. The purpose of this study was to assess the 137Cs accumulation by woody plants and edible mushrooms at the “Taiga” underground nuclear explosions site at a remote stage (38 years) after radioactive contamination of the environment. Content of 137Cs was determined in organs of birch (Betula pubescens), spruce (Picea abies), aspen (Populus tremula), and pine (Pinus sylvestris), as well as in the fruiting bodies of mushrooms of the species Boletus edulis, Leccinum aurantiacum, Russula, and Suillus luteus. The activities of 137Cs in the samples were measured by gamma-ray spectrometry using a HPGe detector. The values of 137Cs activity concentration (on a dry weight basis) in the samples of wood, leaves/needles (1st year), and mushrooms were in the ranges of 0.5–6.8 Bq/kg, 54–112 Bq/kg, and 212-3260 Bq/kg, respectively. Aggregated transfer coefficients (kg/m2) for the radionuclide in the biota species were calculated using these results and previously reported data on the density of soil contamination by 137Cs at the “Taiga” site. It has been found that the transfer coefficients of 137Cs from soil to biota for all studied species at the “Taiga” site are abnormally low compared to those obtained by many authors for other places of radioactive contamination, in particular for the areas contaminated by 137Cs as a result of the Chernobyl accident. Possible reasons for the low accumulation of 137Cs in the biota at the “Taiga” site are discussed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>древесные растения</kwd><kwd>съедобные грибы</kwd><kwd>137Cs</kwd><kwd>накопление</kwd><kwd>агрегированный коэффициент перехода</kwd><kwd>почва-биота</kwd><kwd>мирный ядерный взрыв</kwd><kwd>«Тайга»</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>woody plants</kwd><kwd>edible mushrooms</kwd><kwd>137Cs</kwd><kwd>accumulation</kwd><kwd>aggregated transfer coefficient</kwd><kwd>soil-biota</kwd><kwd>peaceful nuclear explosion</kwd><kwd>“Taiga”</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают признательность бывшим сотрудникам ФБУН НИИРГ им. П.В. Рамзаева А. Медведеву, Е. Храмцову и В. Яковлеву, а также сотрудникам Роспотребнадзора в Пермском крае М. Драчеву и Д. Муравьеву за помощь в отборе проб на объекте «Тайга». Авторы благодарят двух анонимных рецензентов за ценные замечания, которые позволили улучшить качество статьи. Работа в части написания и редактирования рукописи выполнена в рамках отраслевой программы Роспотребнадзора на 2021–2025 гг. «Научное обоснование национальной системы обеспечения санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия, управления рисками здоровью и повышения качества жизни населения России» по теме: «Совершенствование и развитие методов мониторинга объектов окружающей среды в районах проведения мирных ядерных взрывов. Радиационно– гигиеническая характеристика источников питьевого водоснабжения».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors express their gratitude to former employees of the Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev A. Medvedev, E. Khramtsov, and V. Yakovlev, as well as to employees of the Rospotrebnadzor branch in the Perm region M. Drachev and D. Muravyov for assistance in sampling at the “Taiga” site. The authors thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that improved the quality of the article. The article was written within the framework of the sectoral program of Rospotrebnadzor for 2021–2025: «Scientific substantiation of the national system for ensuring sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing, managing health risks and improving the quality of life of the population of Russia» on the topic: «Improving and developing methods for monitoring of environmental media in areas where peaceful nuclear explosions were performed. Radiation-hygienic characteristics of sources of drinking water supply».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fesenko S.V., Soukhova N.V., Sanzharova N.I. et al. 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