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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21514/1998-426X-2025-18-2-7-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-1147</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Риск смерти от злокачественных новообразований легких в Уральской когорте аварийно-облученного населения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lung cancer mortality risk in the South Urals Population Exposed to Radiation Cohort</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6269-5114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Микрюкова</surname><given-names>Л. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikryukova</surname><given-names>L. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Микрюкова Людмила Дмитриевна – кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник эпидемиологической лаборатории</p><p>454014, г. Челябинск, ул. Воровского, 68-А </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila D. Mikryukova – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher of Epidemiological Laboratory</p><p>68A Vorovsky Str., Chelyabinsk, 454141 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikludm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8754-1655</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Завьялов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zavyalov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Завьялов Данила Александрович – младший научный сотрудник эпидемиологической лаборатории </p><p>Челябинск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Danila A. Zavyalov – Researcher of Epidemiological Laboratory </p><p>Chelyabinsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of Federal Medical-Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Микрюкова Л.Д., Завьялов Д.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Микрюкова Л.Д., Завьялов Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikryukova L.D., Zavyalov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/1147">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/1147</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью работы является оценка риска смертности от рака легкого у членов Уральской когорты аварийно-облученного населения. Материалы и методы: Когорта, объединяющая лиц, подвергшихся хроническому облучению на Южном Урале на реке Тече и на Восточно-Уральском радиоактивном следе, состоит из 62592 человек. В исследовании применен регрессионный анализ с использованием простой параметрической модели избыточного относительного риска. Результаты исследования и обсуждение: За период наблюдения с 1950 по 2020 гг. установлено 925 случаев смерти от рака легких. Число человеко-лет наблюдения под риском составило 1964140. Средняя накопленная доза на легкие, рассчитанная по дозиметрической системе TRDS-2016, составила 0,038 Гр, максимальная – 0,995 Гр. В результате анализа получена статистически значимая линейная зависимость показателей смерти злокачественных новообразований легких от полученной дозы. Величина ИОР/Гр смерти для рака легких с 2-летним минимальным латентным периодом составила 0,94/Гр, 95 % доверительный интервал: 0,01–2,19; p &lt; 0,05. За 71-летний период наблюдения когорты 3,5 % случаев смерти от рака легких могут быть вызваны облучением. Анализ базовых уровней смертности от рака легких показал, что у курящих показатели смертности выше в 4 раза (p &lt; 0,001). При анализе возможной модификации дозового эффекта статистически значимая связь риска с дозой была получена: у женщин; в группе татар и башкир; у городских жителей; у тех, у кого есть родственники со злокачественными новообразованиями в первой линии родства; у облучившихся на Восточно-Уральском радиоактивном следе. Заключение: В проведенном исследовании установлен статистически значимый риск смертности рака легких в расчете на 1 Гр в когорте лиц, подвергавшихся длительному радиационному воздействию в диапазоне малых и средних доз. Результаты могут служить основанием для разработки программ профилактической помощи пострадавшему населению.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The objective of the study is to obtain risk estimates of lung cancer mortality for members of the Southern Urals Populations Exposed to Radiation Cohort. Materials and methods: The cohort, which unites individuals who were chronically exposed to radiation in the South Urals on the Techa River and in the East Urals Radioactive Trace, consists of 62,592 people. A regression analysis with a simple parametric model of the excess relative risk was used in the study. Results: Over the follow-up period from 1950 to 2020, 925 deaths from lung cancer were identified. The number of person-years at risk was 1964140. Mean accumulated lung dose calculated using the TRDS-2016 dosimetry system was 0.038 Gy and the maximum dose was 0.995 Gy. As a result of the analysis a statistically significant linear dose-dependence of the lung cancer mortality rate was obtained. The ERR/Gy for lung cancers with 2-year minimal latency period was 0.94/Gy, 95 % CI: 0.01–2.19; p &lt; 0.05. Over the 71-year follow up period 3.5 % of lung cancer cases could be associated with radiation exposure in cohort. Analysis of baseline lung cancer mortality rates showed that smokers had 4 times higher mortality rates (p &lt; 0.001). When analyzing the possible modification of the dose effect, a statistically significant relationship between risk and dose was obtained in women; in the group of Tatars and Bashkirs; in urban residents; in those who have cancers in first-degree relatives; in those exposed to radiation in the East Ural radioactive trace. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the accomplished study a statistically significant lung cancer mortality risk per 1 Gy has been established in the cohort of people affected by long-term radiation exposure in the low-to-medium dose range. The obtained results could serve as the basis to develop the program of preventive care for the population aggrieved.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>злокачественные новообразования легких</kwd><kwd>хроническое облучение</kwd><kwd>радиационный риск</kwd><kwd>аварийно-облученное население.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lung cancers</kwd><kwd>chronic exposure</kwd><kwd>radiation risk</kwd><kwd>accidentally exposed population</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках реализации федеральной целевой программы «Обеспечение ядерной и радиационной безопасности на 2016 – 2020 годы и на период до 2030 года».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out within the framework of the Federal target program ‘Ensuring Nuclear and Radiation Safety for 2016–2020 and for the period up to 2030’.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексахин Р.М., Булдаков Л.А., Губанов В.А. и др. 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