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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21514/1998-426X-2025-18-4-83-93</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-1253</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка морфометрических характеристик гипофиза и окружающих  его тканей для создания дозиметрической модели</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The evaluation of morphometric characteristics of the pituitary gland and its adjacent tissues  to elaborate a dosimetric model</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1457-4916</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарагин</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharagin</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шарагин Павел Алексеевич – научный сотрудник лаборатории цифровых и вычислительных методов дозиметрии </p><p>Адрес для переписки: 454014, г. Челябинск, ул. Воровского, 68-А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel A. Sharagin – Master of Biology, Researcher of the R&amp;D Laboratory of Digital and Computational Dosimetry Methods</p><p>68A, Vorovsky Str., Chelyabinsk, 454141</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sharagin@urcrm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4958-3214</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толстых</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolstykh</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Толстых Евгения Игоревна – доктор биологических наук, заведующая лабораторией цифровых и вычислительных методов дозиметрии, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenia I. Tolstykh – Doctor of Biological Sciences, Head of the R&amp;D Laboratory of Digital and Computational Dosimetry Methods</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4464-0889</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишкина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishkina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шишкина Елена Анатольевна – ведущий научный сотрудник, доктор биологических наук, директор Научно-исследовательского института радиологической защиты; Доцент кафедры радиобиологии </p><p> Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Shishkina – Doctor of Biological Sciences, Director at the Research Institute of Radiological Protection; Associate Professor of the Department of Radiobiology</p><p> Chelyabinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южно-Уральский Федеральный научно-клинический центр медицинской биофизики  Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southern Urals Federal Research and Clinical Center for Medical Biophysics of the Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южно-Уральский Федеральный научно-клинический центр медицинской биофизики  Федерального медико-биологического агентства; Челябинский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southern Urals Federal Research and Clinical Center for Medical Biophysics of the Federal Medical Biological Agency; Chelyabinsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шарагин П.А., Толстых Е.И., Шишкина Е.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шарагин П.А., Толстых Е.И., Шишкина Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sharagin P.A., Tolstykh E.I., Shishkina E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/1253">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/1253</self-uri><abstract><p>Облучение гипофиза может увеличивать риск возникновения гормонозависимых раков, например, рака молочной железы. Гипофиз расположен в гипофизарной ямке клиновидной кости и может облучаться остеотропными радионуклидами, такими как 90Sr. Международная комиссия по радиологической защите не выделяет гипофиз как отдельный орган при расчете доз облучения от инкорпорированных радионуклидов. В связи с этим актуальной задачей является создание дозиметрической модели, которая имитирует геометрию тканей источников – костей черепа, ткани мишени – гипофиза и прилегающих тканей. Такая модель позволит рассчитать коэффициенты перехода от активности радионуклида в кости к мощности дозы в гипофизе. Для построения модели необходимо провести систематический обзор данных о размерах гипофиза и окружающих тканей. Цель исследования: оценить морфометрические характеристики, необходимые для построения вычислительного дозиметрического фантома гипофиза и окружающих его тканей для людей следующих возрастных групп: новорожденный, 1 год, 5 лет, 10 лет, 15 лет, взрослые. Материалы и методы: В состав модели предполагается включить, структуры в пределах 1,5 см вокруг гипофиза. Поэтому на основе опубликованных результатов измерений оценивались характеристики следующих тканей: часть головного мозга, содержимое клиновидной пазухи, сосуды вокруг гипофиза, гипофиз, часть клиновидной кости. Результаты исследования и обсуждение: Для всех возрастных групп были оценены характеристики моделируемых объектов, для турецкого седла они варьировали в пределах 3,4-13,3 мм, а для гипофиза – 3,8-13,6 мм. Эти значения основаны на исследованиях ~ 5000 человек. Размеры сосудистых синусов оценены в пределах 1-1,7 мм, толщина оболочек гипофиза – 0,57 мм. Толщина кортикальной кости – 0,75 мм, доля костной ткани в объёме губчатой кости – 39 %. Заключение: Результаты настоящей работы, будут использованы для создания трёхмерных вычислительных дозиметрических фантомов гипофиза и окружающих тканей для разных возрастных групп.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The pituitary gland exposure can lead to increase the risk of hormone-dependent cancers, such as breast cancer. The pituitary gland is located in the pituitary fossa of the sphenoid bone and can be exposed due to bone-seeking radionuclides such as 90Sr. The Commission on Radiological Protection does not distinguish the pituitary gland as a separate organ for absorbed dose calculating from incorporated radionuclides. In this regard, an urgent task is to create a dosimetric model that simulates the geometry of the source-tissues – the bones of the skull, and the target-tissue – the pituitary gland and adjacent tissues. This model will allow us to calculate the dose factors converting the activity concentration of radionuclide in the bone to the absorbed dose rate in the pituitary gland. To develop such a model, it is necessary to provide a systematic review of data on the size of the pituitary gland and surrounding tissues. Objective: to evaluate the morphometric characteristics necessary for constructing a computational dosimetric phantom of the pituitary gland and its adjacent tissues for people of the following age groups: newborn, 1-year-old, 5-year-old, 10-year-old, 15-year-old, adults. Materials and methods: The dosimetric model is supposed to include anatomical structures located within 1.5 cm around the pituitary gland. Therefore, the characteristics of the following tissues were evaluated based on published data: part of the brain, content of the sphenoid sinus, vessels around pituitary gland, pituitary gland, the sphenoid bone. Results and Discussion: The characteristics of the simulated objects were evaluated for all age groups, for the sella turcica they ranged from 3.4-13.3 mm, and for the pituitary gland – 3.8-13.6 mm. These values are based on studies of ~5,000 people. The size of the vascular sinuses is estimated at 1-1.7 mm, the thickness of the membranes of the pituitary gland is 0.57 mm. The thickness of the cortical bone was 0.75 mm, and the bone volume to total bone volume ratio was 39 %. Conclusion: The results of this work will be used for creating of three-dimensional computational dosimetric phantoms of the pituitary gland and its surrounding tissues for different age groups.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вычислительные фантомы</kwd><kwd>внутреннее облучение</kwd><kwd>гипофиз</kwd><kwd>турецкое седло</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>computational phantoms</kwd><kwd>internal dosimetry</kwd><kwd>pituitary gland</kwd><kwd>sella turcica</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Финансирование работы осуществлялось в рамках НИР  «Отдаленные эффекты хронического облучения населения  Уральского региона».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was funded within the framework of the research  project: “Long-term effects of chronic radiation exposure of Ural  region population”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крестинина Л.Ю., Микрюкова Л.Д., Шалагинов С.А. и др. 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