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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21514/1998-426X-2026-19-1-102-112</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-1289</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Прогноз мощности дозы гамма-излучения на основе математических моделей миграции 137Cs в почве</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Forecast of gamma radiation dose rate based on mathematical models of 137Cs migration in soil</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5494-2300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голиков</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golikov</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Голиков Владислав Юрьевич – старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория радиационной гигиены медицинских организаций.</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav Yu. Golikov – Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Radiation Hygiene of Medical Facilities.</p><p>8, Mira Str., Saint Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sg235@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт радиационной гигиены имени профессора П.В. Рамзаева, Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Голиков В.Ю., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Голиков В.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Golikov V.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/1289">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/1289</self-uri><abstract><p>Работа посвящена построению модели прогноза дозы гамма-излучения от радионуклидов 137Cs + 137mBa, поступивших в окружающую среду воздушным путем в результате крупномасштабной радиационной аварии. На основе существующих аналитических моделей миграции цезия с одной стороны и натурных данных о вертикальном распределении цезия в почвах территорий, загрязненных вследствие аварии на Чернобыльской АЭС с другой, был построен прогноз мощности дозы гаммаизлучения в воздухе над открытой местностью. База экспериментальных данных содержала 180 профилей из Брянской области Российской Федерации и около 100 профилей, включая глобальные, из Баварии (Германия). Для аппроксимации распределения радионуклида в почве использовали решения конвективно-диффузионного уравнения и логнормальное распределение. Наилучшим образом реальным распределениям радионуклида в почве соответствовали χ2 распределение, являющееся решением конвективно-диффузионного уравнения с возрастающим коэффициентом диффузии и логнормальное распределение. Для обоих распределений были найдены зависимости параметров (скорость диффузионного проникновения и скорость направленного движения с почвенной влагой) от времени. В предположении универсальности этих зависимостей, предложен способ их восстановления во времени, например, на основе один раз отобранных профилей глобальных выпадений. Были рассчитаны значения мощности поглощенной дозы в воздухе до 50 лет после выпадений. Среднее отличие экспериментальных данных, выраженных в виде отношения мощности дозы в воздухе на высоте 1 м над почвой от профиля радионуклидов (137Cs+137mBa) + 134Cs в момент времени t к мощности дозы в воздухе для радионуклидов, расположенных на поверхности почвы от расчетных, составляло для Брянской области 9 %, а для Баварии 14 %. Расчетные значения мощности поглощенной дозы в воздухе верифицированы с помощью результатов ее измерений в Брянской области в период времени 3-24 года после выпадений. Они совпадали с измеренными значениями в пределах 95 % интервала погрешности измерений во всем временном промежутке измерений за исключением 8-го года после аварии, что подтверждает адекватность использовавшихся в работе распределений радионуклида в почве.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The work is devoted to the study of the possibility of predicting the gamma dose rate from 137Cs +137mBa radionuclides that fell into the environment as a result of a large-scale radiation accident. Based on existing analytical models of cesium migration on the one hand and natural data on the vertical distribution of cesium in the soils of areas contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl accident on the other, a forecast of the dose rate of gamma radiation in the air over open areas was constructed. The experimental database contained 180 profiles from the Bryansk region of the Russian Federation and about 100 profiles, including global ones, from Bavaria (Germany). To approximate the radionuclide distribution in the soil, solutions of the convectivediffusion equation and the lognormal distribution were used. The best fit to the real distributions of the radionuclide in the soil was the χ2 distribution, which is a solution of the convective-diffusion equation with an increasing diffusion coefficient, and the lognormal distribution. For both distributions, the dependences of the parameters (diffusion penetration rate and movement rate with soil moisture) on time were found. Assuming the universality of these dependences, a method for their reconstruction in time is proposed, for example, based on once selected profiles of global fallouts. The absorbed dose rate values in the air were calculated for up to 50 years after the fallout. The average difference between the experimental data, expressed as the ratio of the dose rate in the air at a height of 1 m above the soil from the profile of 137Cs + 134Cs radionuclides at time t to the dose rate in the air for radionuclides located on the soil surface from the calculated ones, was 9 % for the Bryansk region and 14 % for Bavaria. The calculated values of the absorbed dose rate in the air were verified using the results of its measurements in the Bryansk region in the period of 3–24 years after the fallout. They coincided with the measured values within 95 % of the measurement error interval throughout the entire measurement time period except for the 8th year after the accident, which confirms the adequacy of the radionuclide distributions in the soil used in the work.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миграция цезия</kwd><kwd>пробы почвы</kwd><kwd>доза гамма-излучения</kwd><kwd>конвективно-диффузионное уравнение</kwd><kwd>логнормальное распределение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cesium migration</kwd><kwd>soil samples</kwd><kwd>gamma radiation dose</kwd><kwd>convection-diffusion equation</kwd><kwd>lognormal distribution</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study was not supported by sponsors</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Cort M., Dubois G., Fridman Sh.D. et al. 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