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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21514/1998-426X-2026-19-2-27-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-1338</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние метилирования и транскрипционной активности генов редокс-системы на клеточную гибель лимфоцитов крови у хронически облучённых лиц</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Association of methylation and transcriptional activity of redox system genes with apoptosis and necrosis of lymphocytes in chronically irradiated individuals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2826-1392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселев</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiselev</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Сергеевич Киселев, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>научно-исследовательская лаборатория молекулярной генетики и генной инженерии</p><p>456783; Озерское шоссе, д. 19; Челябинская область; Озёрск; Челябинск</p><p>РИНЦ Author ID: 1319282</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg S. Kiselev, Junior Researcher</p><p>Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering</p><p>456783; 19, Ozerskoye Shosse; Chelyabinsk Region; Ozyorsk; Chelyabinsk</p><p>RSCI Author ID: 1319282</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kiselevoleg230@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2567-7945</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блинова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blinova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгения Андреевна Блинова, кандидат биологических наук, директор - главный научный сотрудник</p><p>научно-исследовательский институт радиационной биологии и радиационной медицины</p><p>Озёрск; Челябинск</p><p>РИНЦ Author ID: 635868</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenia A. Blinova, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Director – Chief Researcher</p><p>Research Institute of Radiation Biology and Radiation Medicine</p><p>Ozyorsk; Chelyabinsk</p><p>RSCI Author ID: 635868</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-5808</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аклеев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akleyev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Васильевич Аклеев, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, исполняющий обязанности генерального директора</p><p>Озёрск; Челябинск</p><p>РИНЦ Author ID: 119281</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Akleyev, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Acting Director General</p><p>Ozyorsk; Chelyabinsk</p><p>RSCI Author ID: 119281</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южно-Уральский федеральный научно-клинический центр медицинской биофизики Федерального медико-биологического агентства; Челябинский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southern Urals Federal Research and Clinical Center for Medical Biophysics of the Federal Medical Biological Agency; Chelyabinsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Киселев О.С., Блинова Е.А., Аклеев А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Киселев О.С., Блинова Е.А., Аклеев А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kiselev O.S., Blinova E.A., Akleyev A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/1338">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/1338</self-uri><abstract><p>   Хроническое радиационное воздействие может вызывать стойкие эпигенетические изменения, влияющие на механизмы клеточной гибели и развитие отдалённых биологических эффектов. Роль метилирования генов редокс-системы в регуляции апоптоза и некроза лимфоцитов у хронически облучённых лиц остаётся недостаточно изученной.</p><p>   Цель исследования – оценить связь метилирования промоторных регионов и транскрипционной активности генов редокс-системы с интенсивностью апоптоза и некроза лимфоцитов периферической крови у хронически облучённых лиц.</p><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы: В исследование включён 171 человек: 99 лиц, подвергшихся хроническому низкоинтенсивному радиационному воздействию, и 72 человека группы сравнения, проживавших в сходных социально-бытовых условиях. Апоптоз и некроз лимфоцитов периферической крови оценивали методом проточной цитометрии. Молекулярный анализ включал оценку метилирования CpG-динуклеотидов в промоторных регионах генов редокс-системы иопределение их транскрипционной активности.</p><p>   Результаты исследования и обсуждение: У облучённых лиц выявлено статистически значимое повышение уровня некроза лимфоцитов по сравнению с группой сравнения (p = 0,033). Некроз положительно коррелировал с дозами облучения красного костного мозга (ρ = 0,24; p = 0,001), тимуса и периферических лимфоидных органов (ρ = 0,19; p = 0,013). При анализе апоптоза были выявлены статистически значимые положительные корреляционные связи с уровнем метилирования генов SOD2 (ρ = 0,18; p = 0,017), GPX1 (ρ = 0,26; p = 0,001), GSTP1 (ρ = 0,22; p = 0,004), MPO (ρ = 0,41; p &lt; 0,0001) и CAT (ρ = 0,21; p = 0,006). По данным множественного регрессионного анализа, апоптоз ассоциирован с метилированием GSTP1 и MPO.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение: Таким образом, у хронически облучённых лиц в отдалённые сроки после воздействия некротическая гибель лимфоцитов ассоциирована преимущественно с дозой облучения, тогда как апоптоз связан с гиперметилированием промоторных регионов генов редокс-системы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Chronic radiation exposure can induce persistent epigenetic changes that affect the mechanisms of cell death and the development of long-term biological effects. The role of methylation of redox system genes in the regulation of apoptosis and necrosis of lymphocytes in chronically exposed individuals remains insufficiently studied.</p><p>   The aim of the study is to assess the association of promoter region methylation and transcriptional activity of redox system genes with the intensity of apoptosis and necrosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in chronically exposed individuals.</p><sec><title>   Materials and Methods</title><p>   Materials and Methods: The study included 171 individuals: 99 persons exposed to chronic low-intensity radiation and 72 individuals from the comparison group who lived under similar social and living conditions. Apoptosis and necrosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes were assessed by flow cytometry. Molecular analysis included assessment of CpG dinucleotide methylation in the promoter regions of redox system genes and determination of their transcriptional activity.</p><p>   Results and Discussion: The level of lymphocyte necrosis was statistically significantly higher in the group of chronically exposed individuals compared with the comparison group (p = 0.033). Necrosis positively correlated with radiation doses to red bone marrow (ρ = 0.24; p = 0.001), thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs (ρ = 0.19; p = 0.013). Analysis of apoptosis revealed statistically significant positive correlations with methylation levels of SOD2 (ρ = 0.18; p = 0.017), GPX1 (ρ = 0.26; p = 0.001), GSTP1 (ρ = 0.22; p = 0.004), MPO (ρ = 0.41; p &lt; 0.0001), and CAT (ρ = 0.21; p = 0.006). According to multiple regression analysis, apoptosis was associated with GSTP1 and MPO methylation.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion: Thus, in chronically exposed individuals in the long-term period after exposure, necrotic lymphocyte death is predominantly associated with radiation dose, whereas apoptosis is associated with hypermethylation of promoter regions of redox system genes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническое радиационное воздействие</kwd><kwd>лимфоциты периферической крови</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>некроз</kwd><kwd>редокс-система</kwd><kwd>метилирование ДНК</kwd><kwd>транскрипционная активность</kwd><kwd>гены антиоксидантной системы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic radiation exposure</kwd><kwd>peripheral blood lymphocytes</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>necrosis</kwd><kwd>redox system</kwd><kwd>DNA methylation</kwd><kwd>transcriptional activity</kwd><kwd>antioxidant system genes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Финансирование работы осуществлялось в рамках федеральной целевой программы «Обеспечение ядерной и радиационной безопасности на 2016-2020 годы и на период до 2030 года»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the financial support of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, within the framework of the Federal target program “Ensuring nuclear and radiation safety for 2016-2020 and for the period up to 2030”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ilnytskyy Y., Kovalchuk O. 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