Материалы и методы

radhyd

Радиационная гигиена

Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene

1998-426X2409-9082

NIIRG

10.21514/1998-426X-2026-19-2-95-106

radhyd-1345

Research Article

ОБЗОРЫ

REVIEWS

Применение различных показателей радиационного риска для здоровья при медицинском облучении

Application of different radiation health risk metrics in medical exposure

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4857-6792

Репин

Л. В.

Repin

L. V.

Леонид Викторович Репин, младший научный сотрудник

информационно-аналитический центр

197101; ул. Мира, д. 8; Санкт-Петербург

РИНЦ Author ID: 653792

Leonid V. Repin, Junior Researcher

Information Analytical Center

197101; 8, Mira Str.; Saint Petersburg

RSCI Author ID: 653792

l.repin@niirg.ru

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3139-2479

Библин

А. М.

Biblin

A. M.

Артем Михайлович Библин, руководитель центра, старший научный сотрудник

информационно-аналитический центр

Санкт-Петербург

РИНЦ Author ID: 698045

Artem M. Biblin, Head of Center

Information Analytical Center

Saint Petersburg

RSCI Author ID: 698045

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-7535

Водоватов

А. В.

Vodovatov

A. V.

Александр Валерьевич Водоватов, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией, доцент

лаборатория радиационной гигиены медицинских организаций; кафедра общей гигиены

Санкт-Петербург

РИНЦ Author ID: 859255

Aleksandr V. Vodovatov, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of Laboratory, Docent

Laboratory of Radiation Hygiene of Medical Facilities

Saint Petersburg

RSCI Author ID: 859255

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4151-5380

Ахматдинов

Р. Р.

Akhmatdinov

R. R.

Рустам Расимович Ахматдинов, ведущий инженер-исследователь

информационно-аналитический центр

Санкт-Петербург

РИНЦ Author ID: 1114459

Rustam R. Akhmatdinov, Engineer-Researcher

Information Analytical Center

Saint Petersburg

RSCI Author ID: 1114459

Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт радиационной гигиены имени профессора П.В. Рамзаева, Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человекаРоссияSaint Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human WellbeingRussian Federation

Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт радиационной гигиены имени профессора П.В. Рамзаева, Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека; Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет, Министерство здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияSaint Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing; Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian Federation

2026

10072026

19295106

2026

Репин Л.В., Библин А.М., Водоватов А.В., Ахматдинов Р.Р.

Repin L.V., Biblin A.M., Vodovatov A.V., Akhmatdinov R.R.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/1345

В последние годы было утверждено несколько методических документов и опубликован ряд научных статей, касающихся оценки радиационных рисков, связанных с медицинским облучением. Оценка риска производится с использованием различных количественных и качественных показателей риска, при этом зачастую не раскрыт вопрос их корректного применения с учетом специфики конкретной ситуации облучения для решения прикладных задач в области управления рисками.

Цель исследования − разработка схемы и обоснование метода выбора и применения показателей радиационного риска, связанного с проведением медицинских диагностических рентгенорадиологических процедур в зависимости от цели оценки риска, вида и параметров проведения процедуры, пола и возраста пациента и иных факторов.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы: Выполнен анализ показателей радиационного риска на основе обзора литературных источников, сравнительного анализа определений и методов вычисления.

Результаты исследования и обсуждение: Проанализированы основные показатели радиационного риска и их область применения; обоснован перечень показателей, рекомендуемых для решения прикладных задач при медицинском диагностическом облучении; предложена качественная шкала уровней риска и схема выбора показателей.

Заключение

Заключение: Разработанный подход позволяет согласовать выбор показателя риска с целью оценки, адресатом информации, дозовой нагрузкой и доступностью исходных данных.

In recent years, several methodological documents have been approved and a number of scientific articles have been published concerning the assessment of radiation risks associated with medical exposure. Risk assessment is performed using various quantitative and qualitative risk indicators; however, the issue of their correct application, taking into account the specifics of a particular exposure scenario for solving applied problems in risk management, often remains unresolved.

The aim of this study is to develop a framework and to substantiate a method for selecting and applying radiation risk indicators associated with diagnostic medical X-ray and radiological procedures, depending on the purpose of risk assessment, the type and parameters of the procedure, patient sex and age, and other factors.

Materials and Methods

Materials and Methods: An analysis of radiation risk indicators was carried out based on a literature review, comparative analysis of definitions, and calculation methods.

Results and Discussion: The main radiation risk indicators and their scope of application were analyzed; a list of indicators recommended for solving applied problems in medical diagnostic exposure was substantiated; a qualitative risk level scale and a scheme for selecting indicators are proposed.

Conclusion

Conclusion: The developed approach allows for the alignment of the choice of risk indicator with the assessment purpose, target audience, dose burden, and availability of initial data.

радиационный рискрадиационный ущербмедицинское облучениеоценка рискастохастические эффектымалые дозы

radiation riskradiation detrimentmedical exposurerisk assessmentstochastic effectslow doses

Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения НИР «Разработка и научное обоснование практических подходов к оценке радиационных рисков и риск-коммуникации в ситуациях медицинского, природного и техногенного облучения»

The study was performed within framework of research project “Development and scientific rationale for practical ap- proaches to radiation risk assessment and risk communication in medical, natural, and technogenic exposure scenarios”

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.