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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-259</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Суммарная объемная бета-активность атмосферного воздуха как интегральный критерий оценки выбросов в атмосферу природных и техногенных радионуклидов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Total volume beta activity of atmospheric air as an integrated criterion of assessment of natural and technogenic radionuclides emissions in the atmosphere</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стамат</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stamat</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией дозиметрии природных источников</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biology, Head of Natural Sources Dosimetry Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">istamat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт радиационной гигиены имени профессора П.В. Рамзаева, Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and&#13;
Human Well-Being</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стамат И.П., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стамат И.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stamat I.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/259">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/259</self-uri><abstract><p>Одним из показателей, который должен контролироваться и ежегодно заноситься в радиационно-гигиенические паспорта территорий, является суммарная объемная бета-активность атмосферного воздуха в формате средней за год величины в единицах Бк/м3. В разные годы в радиационно-гигиенических паспортах территорий приводились сведения о содержании отдельных радионуклидов, однако наиболее представительными за все годы были сведения о суммарной объемной бета-активности атмосферного воздуха. Эти сведения на большинстве территорий получают подразделения Росгидромета, в отдельных субъектах Российской Федерации измерения проводятся силами организаций Роспотребнадзора. Однако в последние годы в радиационно-гигиенических паспортах большинства субъектов Российской Федерации приводятся расчетные значения суммарной объемной бета-активности воздуха, полученные методом усреднения данных по географическим районам. </p><p>В настоящей статье сделана попытка обобщить сведения о суммарной объемной бета-активности воздуха в радиационно-гигиенических паспортах отдельных субъектов Российской Федерации, оценить долговременную стабильность этого показателя и возможности установления численных значений, которые могут использоваться в качестве реперных при радиационно-гигиеническом мониторинге атмосферного воздуха. Показано, что в условиях нормальной эксплуатации радиационных объектов для территории отдельных субъектов Российской Федерации (не включая территории зон наблюдения крупных радиационных объектов на этих территориях) значение среднегодовой суммарной объемной бета-активности атмосферного воздуха является достаточно стабильной величиной. Установлено, что среднегодовые значения показателя в отдельные годы для территорий Санкт-Петербурга, Красноярского края и Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры отличаются от средних уровней по данным многолетних наблюдений в пределах до 50%. Получены оценки численных значений среднегодовой суммарной объемной бета-активности атмосферного воздуха, которые могут быть приняты в качестве реперных уровнейпри радиационно-гигиеническом мониторинге атмосферного воздуха. Анализируются возможные причины различий уровней суммарной объемной бета-активности атмосферного воздуха на территории рассматриваемых субъектов Российской Федерации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>One of parameters which should be controlled and annually logged in the territories radiation hygiene passports is the total volume beta activity of the atmospheric air in the form of an average annual value in Bq/m3 units. On different years in the territories radiation hygiene passports there were logged the data on the content of certain radionuclides; however the data on the atmospheric air total volume beta activity were the most informative in all the years. In majority of territories these data are obtained by the Federal Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring Service divisions, in some Russian Federation entities the measurements are carried out by Rospotrebnadzor bodies. However, in the recent years in most Russian Federation entities radiation hygiene passports there are entered design values of the air total volume beta activity, derived using the method of averaging the data on geographic areas.</p><p>This article is an attempt to generalize the data on the air total volume beta activity in radiation hygiene passports of the Russian Federation entities, to assess long-term stability of this parameter and opportunity to establish numerical values which may be used as a reference at atmospheric air radiation hygienic monitoring. The article proves that at normal operation of radiation objects on the territory of some Russian Federation entities (excluding zones of large radiation objects supervision in these territories) the atmospheric air average annual total volume beta activity value is stable enough. It is determined that on some years the parameter average annual values in the territories of Saint-Petersburg, Krasnoyarsk region and Khanty-Mansi autonomous region – Yugra differ up to 50% from the average levels derived by long-term observation. The atmospheric air average annual total volume beta activity numerical values assessment is obtained; these values may be accepted as reference levels at atmospheric air radiation hygienic monitoring. Possible reasons are analyzed of atmospheric air total volume beta activity level distinctions on the territory of considered Russian Federation entities.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атмосферный воздух</kwd><kwd>суммарная объемная бета-активность</kwd><kwd>запыленность воздуха</kwd><kwd>природные радионуклиды</kwd><kwd>техногенные радионуклиды</kwd><kwd>удельная активность природных радионуклидов в почвах</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ershov Je.B., Arhangel’skaja G.V., Romanovich I.K. Radiacionnaja gigiena [Radiation Hygiene]. Slovar’ osnovnyh terminov – Basic terms dictionary, SPb, 2005, 126 pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ershov Je.B., Arhangel’skaja G.V., Romanovich I.K. Radiacionnaja gigiena [Radiation Hygiene]. 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