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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21514/1998-426X-2019-12-1-62-73</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-596</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Scientific articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование тест-объекта «контраст-деталь» для оценки возможности снижения доз облучения пациентов в цифровой рентгенографии органов грудной клетки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of the dose reduction capabilities in digital radiography of the chest using contrast-detail phantom</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Водоватов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vodovatov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий лабораторией радиационной гигиены медицинских организаций, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>197101, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of Protection Laboratory, Leading Researcher</p><p>(Mira str., 8, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vodovatoff@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт радиационной гигиены имени профессора П.В. Рамзаева, Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Водоватов А.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Водоватов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vodovatov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/596">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/596</self-uri><abstract><p>Неотъемлемой частью процедуры оптимизации является оценка качества изображения, полученного с использованием новых низкодозовых протоколов. Для проведения объективной количественной оценки качества рентгеновских изображений используются специализированные тест-объекты, включающие в себя несколько модулей для одновременного проведения измерения различных физических параметров изображения (например, контраста и пространственного разрешения). Их использование позволяет установить и оценить взаимосвязь между дозой облучения пациента, параметрами проведения исследований и качеством изображения. Это особенно актуально при оптимизации проведения цифровых рентгенографических исследований, выполняющихся с автоматическим контролем экспозиции. Цель данного исследования заключалась в оценке возможностей снижения доз облучения пациентов при проведении цифровой рентгенографии органов грудной клетки с автоматическим контролем экспозиции с использованием тест-объекта «контрастдеталь». Исследование было выполнено на базе СПб ГБУЗ «Мариинская больница» на цифровом рентгеновском аппарате АРЦ-Электрон с непрямым плоскопанельным детектором. Были получены рентгеновские изображения тест-объекта «контраст-деталь» в сочетании с тканеэквивалентным фантомом на различных режимах проведения рентгенографии органов грудной клетки: в диапазоне напряжений 60–150 кВ с автоматическим контролем экспозиции и на фиксированном напряжении 90 кВ в диапазоне значений экспозиции 2–100 мАс. Для каждого режима измеряли произведение дозы на площадь; на его основе рассчитывали эффективную дозу. Для автоматической оценки качества рентгеновских изображений фантома было разработано программное обеспечение в среде «Mathlab». Результаты исследования показали, что переход на использование напряжения 140–150 кВ на текущих настройках автоматического контроля экспозиции приведет к снижению произведения дозы на площадь и эффективной дозы на 60% и 95% соответственно относительно стандартного протокола. Изменение текущих настроек автоматического контроля экспозиции с уменьшением значения экспозиции до 4,2 мАс с текущих 11,2 мАс для анодного напряжения в 90 кВ позволит снизить произведение дозы на площадь и эффективную дозу вплоть до трех раз по сравнению со стандартным протоколом. Параметры качества изображения для обоих случаев снизятся менее чем на 15%. Предложенные низкодозовые протоколы находятся на стадии клинической апробации в СПб ГБУЗ «Мариинская больница». Предложенная методика оценки качества изображений и разработки низкодозовых протоколов рекомендована к включению в программу обеспечения качества рентгенорадиологических исследований.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Assessment of the quality of the images obtained using optimized (low-dose) protocols is the inherent part of the optimization in X-ray diagnostics. To perform the objective quantitative image quality assessment one can use dedicated test-objects, including several components for the simultaneous measurement of the different physical image characteristics (contrast and spatial resolution). The use of such test objects allows estimating and assessing the relations between the patient dose, parameter of the X-ray examination and image quality. That is especially important for the optimization of the digital radiographic examinations performed with automated exposure control. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the possibilities of the patient dose reduction using “contrast-detail” test-object for the digital radiography of the chest in posterior-anterior projection performed with automated exposure control. The study was performed in St-Petersburg Mariinsky hospital on a digital X-ray unit “ARC-Electron” with a flat-panel detector. The combination of a test-object and a tissue-equivalent phantom were imaged on a range of chest X-ray protocols: on a 60–150 kV tube voltage range with automated exposure control; and using fixed 90 kV tube voltage on a range of 2–100 mAs tube current-exposure time product. Dose-area product (cGy×cm2) was measured for each exposure; effective dose (mSv) was estimated for each exposure based on dose-area product. A dedicated software was developed for the automated image quality assessment. The results of the study indicate that the use of a high tube voltage (140–150 kV) with current automated exposure control settings would lead to 60% and 95% reduction of the dose-area product and effective dose, respectively, compared to the standard protocol. The adjustment of the current automated exposure control settings with the reduction of the tube current-exposure time product from 11,2 mAs to the 4,2 mAs for the tube voltage of 90 kV would lead to the reduction of both the dose-area product and effective dose up to a factor of three, compared to the standard protocol. For both scenarios image quality characteristics decreased by less than 15%. The proposed low-dose protocols are under the clinical approbation at Mariinsky hospital. The proposed method of image quality assessment and development of low-dose protocols is recommended for inclusion in the quality assurance program for the radiography examinations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>медицинское облучение</kwd><kwd>контроль качества изображения</kwd><kwd>тест-объект «контраст-деталь»</kwd><kwd>пространственное разрешение</kwd><kwd>контраст</kwd><kwd>оптимизация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>medical exposure</kwd><kwd>image quality assessment</kwd><kwd>contrast-detail test-object</kwd><kwd>spatial resolution</kwd><kwd>contrast</kwd><kwd>optimization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Водоватов, А.В. Практическая реализация концепции референтных диагностических уровней для оптимизации защиты пациентов при проведении стандартных рентгенографических исследований / А.В. 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