radhydРадиационная гигиенаRadiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene1998-426X2409-9082NIIRG10.21514/1998-426X-2019-12-2-66-75radhyd-615Research ArticleНаучные статьиScientific articlesМетодологический подход к разработке дозиметрических моделей скелета человека для бета-излучающих радионуклидовMethodological approach to development of dosimetric models of the human skeleton for beta-emitting radionuclidesДёгтеваМ. О.DegtevaM. O.

Дёгтева Марина Олеговна - кандидат технических наук, заведующая биофизической лабораторией.

454076, Челябинск, ул. Воровского д. 68а

Marina O. Degteva - Candidate of Technical Science, Head of Biophysics Laboratory.

Vorovsky str., 78a, Chelyabinsk, 454076

marina@urcrm.ruШишкинаЕ. А.ShishkinaE. A.

Шишкина Елена Анатольевна - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник биофизической лаборатории.

Elena A. Shishkina - Candidate of Biological Science, Senior Researcher, Biophysics Laboratory.

ТолстыхЕ. И.TolstykhE. I.

Толстых Евгения Игоревна - доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник биофизической лаборатории.

Челябинск

Evgenia I. Tolstykh - Doctor of Biological Science, Lead Researcher, Biophysics Laboratory.

ЗаляпинВ. И.ZalyapinV. I.

Заляпин Владимир Ильич - кандидат физико-математических наук, профессор.

Челябинск

Vladimir I. Zalyapin - Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor.

Chelyabinsk

ШарагинП. А.SharaginP. A.

Шарагин Павел Алексеевич - младший научный сотрудник биофизической лаборатории.

Челябинск

Pavel A. Sharagin - Junior Researcher, Biophysics Laboratory.

Chelyabinsk

СмитМ. А.SmithM. A.

Смит Майкл Алан – инженер.

Ричланд

Michael A. Smith – Engineer.

Richland

НапьеБ. А.NapierB. A.

Напье Брюс Алан - ведущий специалист.

Ричланд

Bruce A. Napier - Leading Researcher.

Richland

Уральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины, Федеральное медико-биологическое агентствоРоссияUrals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Federal Medical Biological AgencyRussian FederationУральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины, Федеральное медико-биологическое агентство; Челябинский государственный университетРоссияUrals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency; Chelyabinsk State UniversityRussian FederationЮжно-Уральский государственный университетРоссияSouth Urals State UniversityRussian FederationТихоокеанская северо-западная национальная лабораторияСоединённые Штаты АмерикиPacific Northwest National LaboratoryUnited States2019280620191226675Copyright © Дёгтева М.О., Шишкина Е.А., Толстых Е.И., Заляпин В.И., Шарагин П.А., Смит М.А., Напье Б.А., 20192019Дёгтева М.О., Шишкина Е.А., Толстых Е.И., Заляпин В.И., Шарагин П.А., Смит М.А., Напье Б.А.Degteva M.O., Shishkina E.A., Tolstykh E.I., Zalyapin V.I., Sharagin P.A., Smith M.A., Napier B.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/615Цель исследования

Цель исследования: разработка модели скелета для оценки дозы на красный костный мозг от остеотропных бета-излучающих радионуклидов. В настоящей статье представлено описание методологии моделирования, в которой учитывается индивидуальная вариабельность макро- и микроструктуры костной ткани.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы: предлагается моделировать участки скелета с активным гемопоэзом путём их разбиения на небольшие сегменты, описываемые простыми геометрическими фигурами. Заполняющая сегменты спонгиоза моделируется как изотропная (пространственно-однородная) трёхмерная решётка (каркас) из стержнеобразных трабекул, «пронизывающих» костный мозг. В процессе моделирования каркас деформируется путём случайного изменения положений узлов решётки, также меняются и толщины стержней. Параметры модельной решётки выбираются в соответствии с параметрами микроструктуры спонгиозы, взятыми из литературы. Стохастическое моделирование транспорта излучений в гетерогенных средах, имитирующих распределение костной ткани и костного мозга внутри каждого из сегментов, осуществляется методом Монте-Карло. В качестве примера показаны результаты расчетов для поясничного позвонка. Сгенерированная модель позвонка позволила получить дозиметрические характеристики облучения костного мозга, значения которых сопоставимы с результатами расчётов по модели МКРЗ, основанной на данных микроизображений костных структур. Впервые были оценены доверительные интервалы дозиметрических характеристик, связанные с индивидуальной изменчивостью строения кости. Разработанная методология для расчета поглощенных в костном мозге доз от остеотропных радионуклидов не требует дополнительных исследований аутопсийного материала. Полученные результаты будут использованы для расчёта индивидуальных доз в когорте облучённых жителей прибрежных сёл реки Теча, загрязнённой в результате сбросов жидких радиоактивных отходов производственным объединением «Маяк».

Objective of the study

Objective of the study: to develop a skeleton model for assessing red bone marrow dose from osteotropic beta-emitting radionuclides. This article describes the modeling methodology which takes into account the individual variability of the macro- and microstructure of bone tissue.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods: it is proposed to model bone sites with active hematopoiesis by dividing them into small segments described by simple geometric shapes. Spongiosa, which fills the segments, is modeled as an isotropic three-dimensional grid (carcass) of rod-like trabeculae that “run through” the bone marrow. In the process of randomization, multiple carcass deformations are simulated by changing the positions of the grid nodes and the thickness of the rods. Model grid parameters are selected in accordance with the parameters of spongiosa microstructures taken from the published papers. Stochastic modeling of radiation transport in heterogeneous environments simulating distribution of bone tissue and marrow in each of the segments is performed by Monte Carlo method. The model output for the lumbar vertebra is given as an example. The generated vertebral model allowed us to obtain the dosimetric characteristics of bone marrow irradiation, which are comparable to the results obtained with ICRP model developed based on the data of micro-images of bone structures. For the first time ever confidence intervals of dosimetric characteristics associated with individual variability of bone structure were evaluated. The developed methodology for the calculation of doses absorbed in the bone marrow from osteotropic radionuclides does not require additional studies of autopsy material. The obtained results will be used to calculate individual doses in a cohort of Techa riverside residents who were exposed due to Techa River contamination as a result of liquid radioactive waste discharges by the Mayak Production Association.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.