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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21514/1998-426X-2019-12-4-56-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-658</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблема облучения радоном в зданиях повышенного класса энергоэффективности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problem of radon exposure in energy-efficient buildings: a review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярмошенко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yarmoshenko</surname><given-names>Ilya V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ярмошенко Илья Владимирович – кандидат физико-математических наук, старший научный сотрудник, заместитель директора Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки</p><p>620990, Екатеринбург, ул. Софьи Ковалевской, д. 20 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Deputy Director, Senior Researcher</p><p>Sofia Kovalevskaya str., 20, Ekaterinburg, 620990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малиновский</surname><given-names>Г. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malinovsky</surname><given-names>Georgy P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малиновский Георгий Петрович – кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки</p><p>620990, Екатеринбург, ул. Софьи Ковалевской, д. 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Science, Researcher</p><p>Sofia Kovalevskaya str., 20, Ekaterinburg, 620990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">georgy@ecko.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Онищенко</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Onishchenko</surname><given-names>Aleksandra D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Онищенко Александра Дмитриевна – кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки</p><p>620990, Екатеринбург, ул. Софьи Ковалевской, д. 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher</p><p>Sofia Kovalevskaya str., 20, Ekaterinburg, 620990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyev</surname><given-names>Aleksey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильев Алексей Владимирович – кандидат технических наук, заведующий радиационной лабораторией Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки</p><p>620990, Екатеринбург, ул. Софьи Ковалевской, д. 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Technical Sciences, Head of Radiation Lab</p><p>Sofia Kovalevskaya str., 20, Ekaterinburg, 620990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт промышленной экологии Уральского отделения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Industrial Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ярмошенко И.В., Малиновский Г.П., Онищенко А.Д., Васильев А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ярмошенко И.В., Малиновский Г.П., Онищенко А.Д., Васильев А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yarmoshenko I.V., Malinovsky G.P., Onishchenko A.D., Vasilyev A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/658">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/658</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящей статье представлен обзор международной научно-технической литературы по проблеме накопления радона в новых энергоэффективных зданиях и в домах, реконструированных с учетом требований энергосбережения. Энергоэффективность является важным условием перехода к экологически устойчивому развитию. Значительным потенциалом энергосбережения обладает жилищно-коммунальное хозяйство. В России строительство зданий наивысших классов энергоэффективности происходит ускоренными темпами и достигло в 2017 г. 75% от общего числа сданных в эксплуатацию многоквартирных домов. Внедрение современных технологий, снижающих теплопотери, сопровождается снижением кратности воздухообмена, что приводит к ухудшению качества воздуха помещений, в частности – к накоплению радона. В международной литературе приводятся примеры роста объемной активности радона в несколько раз после реконструкции здания, средняя объемная активность радона в модернизированных зданиях повышалась на 22–120%. В новых домах, построенных с соблюдением требований к энергосбережению, также может происходить значительное увеличение объемной активности радона по сравнению с домами низкого класса энергоэффективности. В отдельных помещениях, в том числе в России, обнаружено превышение санитарно-гигиенических нормативов. Облучение радоном жильцов энергоэффективных зданий в значительной степени определяется режимом содержания помещения. На основе данных обзора можно предполагать, что в условиях интенсивного строительства энергоэффективных зданий в России средний уровень облучения населения радоном может повыситься.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper presents an overview of the international scientific and technical publications on a problem of radon accumulation in new energy efficient buildings and in houses reconstructed according to requirements of energy saving. Energy efficiency is an important requirement of the environmentally sustainable development. Housing and communal services have significant potential for energy saving. In Russia, the construction of highest energy efficiency classes buildings occurs at an accelerated rate and reached 75% of all multiapartment houses built in 2017. The applying of modern technologies that reduce heat loss is accompanied by a decrease in the air exchange rate, which leads to deterioration of indoor air quality, in particular, the accumulation of radon. In the international literature, there are examples of the several times growth of radon concentration after the reconstruction of the building, the average radon concentration in retrofitted buildings increased by 22–120%. In new houses built to meet energy saving requirements, there can also be a significant increase in radon concentration compared to low-energy efficiency classes houses. Excess of sanitary and hygienic norms was found in some countries, including Russia. Radon exposure of dwellers of energy-efficient buildings is largely determined by the living habits. Based on the review data, it can be assumed that the average level of Russian population exposure to radon can increase under conditions of intensive construction of energy-efficient buildings.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>радон</kwd><kwd>энергоэффективность</kwd><kwd>вентиляция</kwd><kwd>микроклимат помещения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>radon</kwd><kwd>energy efficiency</kwd><kwd>ventilation</kwd><kwd>indoor air quality</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 19-19-00191).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Государственный доклад о состоянии энергосбережения и повышении энергетической эффективности в Российской Федерации в 2017 году. – М.: Министерство экономического развития Российской Федерации, 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">State report on the state of energy conservation and energy efficiency in the Russian Federation in 2017. 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