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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21514/1998-426X-2020-13-2-47-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-698</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Scientific articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ накопления радона в зданиях различного класса энергоэффективности на примере пяти российских городов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of radon concentrations in buildings of different energy efficiency classes on example of five Russian cities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярмошенко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yarmoshenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ярмошенко Илья Владимирович – кандидат физико-математических наук, старший научный сотрудник, заместитель директора</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya V. Yarmoshenko – Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Deputy Director</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Онищенко</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Onishchenko</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Онищенко Александра Дмитриевна – кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra D. Onishchenko – Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малиновский</surname><given-names>Г. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malinovsky</surname><given-names>G. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малиновский Георгий Петрович – кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>620990, Екатеринбург, ул. Софьи Ковалевской, д. 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Georgy P. Malinovsky – Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher</p><p>Sofia Kovalevskaya str., 20, Ekaterinburg, 620990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">georgy@ecko.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильев Алексей Владимирович – кандидат технических наук, заведующий радиационной лабораторией</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey V. Vasilyev – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Head of the Radiation Laboratory</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаров</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarov</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Назаров Евгений Игоревич – младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Екатеринбург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy I. Nazarov – Junior Researcher</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуковский</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukovsky</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жуковский Михаил Владимирович – доктор технических наук, профессор, директор, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Zhukovsky – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Director, Head Researcher</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт промышленной экологии Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Industrial Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ярмошенко И.В., Онищенко А.Д., Малиновский Г.П., Васильев А.В., Назаров Е.И., Жуковский М.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ярмошенко И.В., Онищенко А.Д., Малиновский Г.П., Васильев А.В., Назаров Е.И., Жуковский М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yarmoshenko I.V., Onishchenko A.D., Malinovsky G.P., Vasilyev A.V., Nazarov E.I., Zhukovsky M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/698">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/698</self-uri><abstract><p>Выполнен сравнительный анализ объемной активности радона в современных жилых многоэтажных зданиях повышенного класса энергоэффективности и зданиях массовой типовой застройки городских кварталов ХХ в. и более раннего периода. Исследование проведено в российских городах, расположенных в различных климатических зонах, – Екатеринбурге, Краснодаре, Санкт-Петербурге, Салехарде, Челябинске. Величина объемной активности радона в зданиях измерялась с использованием интегральных радиометров радона на основе твердотельных трековых детекторов по единой методике. Обследованная выборка включала 498 квартир в многоквартирных зданиях. Среди всех обследованных типов зданий наибольшая средняя арифметическая объемной активности радона наблюдается в современных энергоэффективных домах – 43 Бк/м3. В других типах зданий получены следующие средние арифметические объемной активности радона: кирпичные дома этажностью 2–5 этажей – 35 Бк/м3, панельные пятиэтажные дома – 32 Бк/м3, панельные дома этажностью 7–12 этажей 1970–1990-х гг. постройки – 22 Бк/м3, кирпичные дома этажностью более 5 этажей 1970–1980-х гг. постройки – 20 Бк/м3, многоэтажные панельные здания, построенные в период с 1990 г. по настоящее время, – 24 Бк/м3. Результаты исследования подтверждают предположение о том, что в России в современных многоэтажных энергоэффективных домах объемная активность радона в среднем выше, чем в типовых жилых зданиях советского периода. Относительно повышенное накопление радона в энергоэффективных зданиях связано со снижением воздухопроницаемости оболочки здания и вклада свежего воздуха в общий воздухообмен. Несмотря на то, что в рамках настоящего исследования не выявлены случаи превышения гигиенических нормативов по содержанию радона в воздухе помещений, относительный рост объемной активности радона в зданиях повышенной энергоэффективности требует внимания с точки зрения реализации принципа оптимизации радиационной безопасности. В перспективе массовое строительство энергоэффективных зданий может привести к росту средних и коллективных доз облучения городского населения Российской Федерации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A comparative analysis of the radon concentrations in modern multi-storey residential buildings of high energy efficiency class and buildings typical for urban areas of the twentieth century was carried out. The study was conducted in Russian cities located in various climatic zones – Ekaterinburg, Krasnodar, St. Petersburg, Salekhard, Chelyabinsk. The radon concentration in samples of buildings was measured using integrated radon radiometers based on nuclear track detectors according to a single method. The surveyed sample included 498 apartments in multi-apartment buildings. Among all the examined building types, the highest average radon concentration is observed in modern energy-efficient houses – 43 Bq/m3. In other types of buildings, the following average radon concentrations were obtained: brick 2–5 floors – 35 Bq/m3; panel 5 floors – 32 Bq/m3; panel 7–12 floors 1970-1990 years of construction – 22 Bq/m3; brick&gt; 5 floors 1970–1980 years of construction – 20 Bq m3; panel, built since 1990 – 24 Bq/m3. The results of the study confirm the assumption that radon concentration in modern multi-storey energy-efficient houses is on average higher than in typical residential buildings of the Soviet period. The increased accumulation of radon in energy-efficient buildings is associated with a decrease in the building envelope permeability and the contribution of fresh air to the general air exchange. Despite the fact that there were no cases of exceeding hygienic standards for the indoor radon concentration in the framework of this study, the higher radon concentration in buildings of increased energy efficiency requires attention from the point of view of implementing the principle of optimization of radiation protection. In the future, extensive construction of energy-efficient buildings may increase the average and collective doses to the urban population in the Russian Federation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>радон</kwd><kwd>обследование</kwd><kwd>радиационная безопасность</kwd><kwd>строительство</kwd><kwd>энергоэффективность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>radon</kwd><kwd>survey</kwd><kwd>radiological protection</kwd><kwd>building construction</kwd><kwd>energy efficiency</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 19-19-00191).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кононенко Д.В. Анализ распределений значений объемной активности радона в воздухе помещений в субъектах Российской Федерации // Радиационная гигиена. 2019. 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