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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21514/1998-426X-2021-14-2-27-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-796</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ влияния особенностей радиационных аварий на кризисную риск-коммуникацию</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of the impact of features of radiation accidents on crisis risk communication</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Библин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Biblin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Библин Артем Михайлович – руководитель информационно-аналитического центра, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem M. Biblin – Head, Information Analytical Center</p><p>Mira str., 8, Saint-Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.biblin@niirg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Давыдов Артем Анатольевич – младший научный сотрудник информационно-аналитического центра</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem A. Davydov – Junior Researcher, Information Analytical Center</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вишнякова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vishnyakova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вишнякова Надежда Михайловна – доктор медицинских наук, заместитель директора по научной работе</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda M. Vishnyakova – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Deputy Director</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахматдинов</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmatdinov</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахматдинов Руслан Расимович – младший научный сотрудник информационно-аналитического центра</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ruslan R. Akhmatdinov – Junior Researcher, Information Analytical Center</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Репин</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Repin</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Репин Леонид Викторович – младший научный сотрудник информационно-аналитического центра</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid V. Repin – Junior Researcher, Information Analytical Center</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт радиационной гигиены имени профессора П.В. Рамзаева Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Библин А.М., Давыдов А.А., Вишнякова Н.М., Ахматдинов Р.Р., Репин Л.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Библин А.М., Давыдов А.А., Вишнякова Н.М., Ахматдинов Р.Р., Репин Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Biblin A.M., Davydov A.A., Vishnyakova N.M., Akhmatdinov R.R., Repin L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/796">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/796</self-uri><abstract><p>При возникновении радиационных аварий и инцидентов, связанных с возможной угрозой для здоровья населения, одним из инструментов формирования здоровьесберегающего поведения населения, обеспечения социальной приемлемости защитных мероприятий и снижения социальной напряжённости является кризисная риск-коммуникация. Радиационные аварии и инциденты, связанные с потенциальной возможностью радиационного загрязнения значительных по площади территорий или воздействия на население, могут стать основой для возникновения резонансных информационных поводов. Должным образом организованная информационная работа с населением в подобных ситуациях является одним из необходимых условий эффективности противоаварийных мероприятий в целом. В статье проанализировано влияние на кризисную риск-коммуникацию некоторых особенностей радиационных аварий и инцидентов, произошедших в последние годы, оказавших существенное влияние на возможность или невозможность следования общим принципам кризисной коммуникации; приводятся примеры рекомендаций по корректировке информационной работы при невозможности строгого следования общим принципам кризисной коммуникации в реально сложившихся обстоятельствах. В ходе исследования были выявлены следующие особенности развития конкретных радиационных аварий и инцидентов, оказавшие влияние на ход кризисной коммуникации и создавшие ряд сложностей для специалистов: 1) скрытый характер ранней фазы аварии; 2) отсутствие или умышленное сокрытие сведений о радиационной аварии; 3) трансграничный характер аварии; 4) закрытый (секретный) характер сведений об аварии; 5) повышение уровня радиотревожности у населения территорий, не затронутых аварией; 6) быстрое формирование и распространение мифов; 7) проецирование художественных образов на реальную аварию. Анализ влияния особенностей радиационных аварий и инцидентов на кризисную риск-коммуникацию позволил прийти к следующим выводам: 1) кризисная риск-коммуникация является важной составляющей аварийного реагирования, влияющей как на психоэмоциональное состояние населения, так и на эффективность противоаварийных мероприятий, связанных с действиями или бездействием населения; 2) развитие средств информационного взаимодействия и способов распространения и потребления информации требует пересмотра традиционных методов информационной работы с населением; 3) информация должна быть своевременной, объективной, непротиворечивой и понятной как для населения, так и для неспециалистов в области радиационной гигиены, ответственных за принятие управленческих решений; 4) информация не должна представляться в виде кратких сообщений без объяснений; 5) противоречивая агрессивная информация, получаемая населением из разных источников, может вызвать недоверие к официальным источникам информации; 6) при непредставлении актуальной и объективной информации о происходящей аварии доверие населения очень легко потерять и очень трудно восстановить.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the event of radiation accidents and incidents related to a possible threat to public health, one of the tools for forming health-saving behavior of the population, ensuring the social acceptability of protective measures and reducing social tension is crisis communication. Nuclear and radiation emergencies associated with the potential for radioactive contamination of large areas or the impact on the population can become the basis for the emergence of resonant information events. Properly organized crisis communication with the population in such situations is one of the necessary conditions for the effectiveness of emergency response. The article analyzes the impact on crisis risk communication of some features of nuclear and radiation events that have occurred in recent years. These events have had a significant impact on the possibility or impossibility of following the general principles of crisis communication, and provides examples of recommendations for adjusting information work if it is impossible to strictly follow the general principles of crisis communication in real circumstances. The study made it possible to identify the following features of the development of specific crisis situations that influenced the course of crisis communication and created a number of difficulties: 1) the latent nature of the early phase of the accident; 2) absence or deliberate concealment of information about a radiation accident; 3) the transboundary nature of the accident; 4) hidden (secret) nature of information about the accident; 5) an increase in the level of radiation anxiety among the population of the territories not affected by the accident; 6) the rapid formation and spread of myths; 7) projecting artistic images on a real accident. The analysis of the influence of the features of radiation accidents and incidents on the crisis communication allowed us to come to the following conclusions: 1) crisis communication is an important component of emergency response, affecting both the psychoemotional state of the population and the effectiveness of emergency measures related to the actions or inaction of the population; 2) the development of means of information interaction and methods of dissemination and consumption of information requires a revision of traditional methods of information work with the population; 3) the information should be timely, objective, consistent and understandable both for the public and for non-specialists in the field of radiation hygiene responsible for making management decisions; 4) information should not be presented in the form of short messages without explanations; 5) contradictory aggressive information received by the population from different sources may cause distrust of official sources of information; 6) if you do not provide up-to-date and objective information about the accident, the public’s trust is very easy to lose and very difficult to restore.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>авария на Чернобыльской АЭС</kwd><kwd>радиационная авария</kwd><kwd>риск-коммуникация</kwd><kwd>информирование</kwd><kwd>население</kwd><kwd>восприятие риска</kwd><kwd>радиотревожность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Chernobyl NPP accident</kwd><kwd>radiation accident</kwd><kwd>risk communication</kwd><kwd>population</kwd><kwd>risk perception</kwd><kwd>crisis communication</kwd><kwd>radiation anxiety</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Здоровье и окружающая среда: принципы коммуникации риска. 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