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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21514/1998-426X-2021-14-2-56-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-799</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Радиационные измерения</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Radiation measuRements</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Валидация метода определения плотности загрязнения почвы 137Cs на огородах с использованием портативного спектрометра-дозиметра МКС AT6101Д in situ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Validation of a method for in situ determination of 137Cs soil contamination density in kitchen gardens using the portable spectrometer-dosimeter MKS AT6101D</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рамзаев</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ramzaev</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рамзаев Валерий Павлович – кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории внешнего облучения</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery P. Ramzaev – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of External Exposure</p><p>Mira Str., 8, Saint-Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">V.Ramzaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барковский</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barkovsky</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барковский Анатолий Николаевич – руководитель Федерального радиологического центра, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly N. Barkovsky – Head of the Federal Radiological Centre</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Братилова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bratilova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Братилова Анжелика Анатольевна – научный сотрудник лаборатории внутреннего облучения</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anzhelika A. Bratilova – Research Fellow of Internal Radiation Laboratory</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт радиационной гигиены имени профессора П.В. Рамзаева, Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рамзаев В.П., Барковский А.Н., Братилова А.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рамзаев В.П., Барковский А.Н., Братилова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ramzaev V.P., Barkovsky A.N., Bratilova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/799">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/799</self-uri><abstract><p>Отбор представительных проб почвы на обследуемом участке территории и последующее определение содержания радионуклидов в этих пробах в условиях лаборатории (так называемый метод ex situ) является общепризнанной технологией определения плотности загрязнения 137Cs территории населенных пунктов. В последнее время в качестве дополнения или альтернативы методу ex situ все чаще применяют методы полевой (in situ) гамма-спектрометрии. В этом случае можно определить плотность загрязнения почвы 137Cs непосредственно на месте, без отбора проб и их анализа в лаборатории. Вместе с тем, методология in situ имеет ряд ограничений, из которых наиболее принципиальным является отсутствие общепризнанного метрологического обеспечения проведения измерений и интерпретации результатов. Поэтому перед применением конкретной методики и измерительного устройства для проведения широкомасштабных измерений in situ необходимо проводить валидацию (оценку пригодности) выбранного метода в планируемых условиях проведения измерений с помощью устоявшегося метода ex situ. Целью данного исследования являлась валидация метода определения плотности загрязнения почвы 137Cs на огородах с использованием спектрометра-дозиметра МКС AT6101Д in situ. Этот метод был недавно представлен российско-шведско-белорусской группой исследователей в статье, опубликованной в Journal of Environmental Radioactivity (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106562). Для тестирования метода нами были использованы 10 представительных огородных участков, расположенных в 6 населенных пунктах Брянской области. Территория населенных пунктов была сильно загрязнена 137Cs в результате аварии на Чернобыльской АЭС: официально установленная плотность цезиевого загрязнения в 2017 г. находилась в диапазоне 111–511 кБк/м2. Для набора полевого спектра прибор МКС AT6101Д размещали в центре выбранного участка на алюминиевой треноге. Продолжительность измерения варьировала от 1207 до 1801 с (среднее значение 1383 с). Пробы огородной почвы были отобраны послойно (с шагом ~5 см) до глубины 20 см с использованием цилиндрического разборного пробоотборника. В лаборатории с помощью стационарного полупроводникового гамма-спектрометра было определено содержание 137Cs в каждом слое почвы, объединенном для всех отобранных на участке проб, и вычислено значение плотности загрязнения почвы 137Cs для суммы всех отобранных слоев. Эти значения плотности загрязнения, полученные ex situ, находились в диапазоне от 77 до 548 кБк/м2. Установлено, что результаты лабораторных анализов проб почвы хорошо согласуются со значениями плотности загрязнения, полученными с помощью тестируемого метода in situ. В среднем различия между двумя методологиями составили 7% (20% в максимуме). Результаты исследования подтверждают, что метод, предложенный международной группой, пригоден для определения плотности загрязнения огородной почвы 137Cs на отдаленном этапе после Чернобыльской аварии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The collection of representative soil samples in the territory of settlements and subsequent measurements of the content of radionuclides in these samples under laboratory conditions (the so-called “ex situ method”) is a generally accepted technology for determining the density of soil contamination with 137Cs in the populated areas contaminated due to the Chernobyl accident. Recently, as a supplement or alternative to the ex situ method, researchers are developing field (in situ) gamma-spectrometry methods. These methods allow determining the density of soil contamination with 137Cs directly on site, without soil sampling and laboratory analysis. At the same time, the in situ methodology has several limitations, the most important of which is a lack of generally recognized metrological basis for measurements and interpretation of results. Hence, before using a particular technique and measuring device for carrying out large-scale in situ measurements, it is necessary to validate (to assess the suitability) of the selected in situ method using an established ex situ method. The aim of this study was to validate the method for determining the density of 137Cs soil contamination in kitchen gardens using the MKS AT6101D spectrometer-dosimeter in situ. The method was recently presented by a Russian-Swedish-Belarusian group of researchers in an article published in the Journal of Environmental Radioactivity (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106562). To validate this method, we selected 10 representative kitchen garden plots. The plots were located in six settlements of the Bryansk region in Russia. The territory of the settlements had been heavily contaminated with 137Cs as a result of the Chernobyl accident: the officially established levels of the density of soil contamination by 137Cs ranged from 111 to 511 kBq/m2 in 2017. Field gamma-ray spectra were recorded at a height of 1 m above the ground in the center of kitchen garden plots using the MKS AT6101D device. The measurement duration was in the range of 1207–1801 s (the mean value = 1383 s). Samples of soil in the kitchen gardens were taken layer by layer (with a step of 5 cm) to a depth of 20 cm using a demountable cylindrical sampler. The 137Cs content in each soil layer was determined in the laboratory using a stationary semiconductor gamma spectrometer. The values of the 137Cs contamination density of the sampled soils ranged from 77 to 548 kBq/m2. It was found that the results of the ex situ analyzes of soil samples were in a good agreement with the contamination density values obtained with the in situ method. On average, the difference between two methodologies was 7% (a maximum of 20%). The results of the study confirm that the method proposed by the international group is suitable for determining the density of soil contamination by 137Cs in kitchen gardens in remote period after the Chernobyl accident.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>137Cs</kwd><kwd>почва</kwd><kwd>плотность загрязнения</kwd><kwd>огород</kwd><kwd>метод in situ</kwd><kwd>валидация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>137Cs</kwd><kwd>soil contamination density</kwd><kwd>kitchen garden</kwd><kwd>method in situ</kwd><kwd>validation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Брук Г.Я., Базюкин А.Б., Братилова А.А., и др. 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