radhydРадиационная гигиенаRadiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene1998-426X2409-9082NIIRG10.21514/1998-426X-2021-14-3-18-28radhyd-815Research ArticleНаучные статьиScientific articlesОценка доз облучения лимфоцитов при пероральном поступлении радионуклидов различной тропностиEstimation of lymphocyte radiation doses after the ingestion of radionuclides of different tropicityТолстыхЕ. И.TolstykhE. I.

Евгения Игоревна Толстых, доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник биофизической лаборатории

454141, Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 68-А

Evgenia I. Tolstykh, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher of biophysical laboratory

Vorovsky str., 68a, Chelyabinsk, 454141

evgenia@urcrm.ruДегтеваМ. О.DegtevaM. O.

Марина Олеговна Дегтева, кандидат технических наук, заведующая биофизической лабораторией

Челябинск

Marina O. Degteva, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Head, biophysical laboratory

Chelyabinsk

АклеевА. В.AkleyevA. V.

Александр Васильевич Аклеев, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор, заведующий кафедрой радиационной биологии

Челябинск

Alexander V. Akleyev, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Director, Head of the Department of Radiation Biology

Chelyabinsk

Уральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства РоссииРоссияUrals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of Federal Medical Biological AgencyRussian FederationУральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства России; Челябинский государственный университетРоссияUrals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency; Chelyabinsk State UniversityRussian Federation2021051020211431828Copyright © Толстых Е.И., Дегтева М.О., Аклеев А.В., 20212021Толстых Е.И., Дегтева М.О., Аклеев А.В.Tolstykh E.I., Degteva M.O., Akleyev A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/815

Оценка доз на лимфоциты актуальна в свете решения ряда радиобиологических проблем, включая оценку риска различных гемобластозов (лейкоз, множественная миелома, лимфома и др.), а также использования циркулирующих Т-лимфоцитов в качестве «естественных биодозиметров». Последнее связано с тем, что частота хромосомных аберраций, возникающих в лимфоцитах после лучевого воздействия, пропорциональна накопленной дозе. Оценка доз на циркулирующие лимфоциты требует учета двух факторов: во-первых, дозы, полученной предшественниками (прогениторами) лимфоцитов в красном костном мозге; а во-вторых, дозы, полученной лимфоцитами в лимфоидных органах при циркуляции. Модели, представленные в публикациях Международной комиссии по радиологической защите (ICRP-67, ICRP-100), дают возможность рассчитать дозу для конкретного лимфоидного органа при известном уровне поступления радионуклида. Недавно созданная модель облучения циркулирующих Т-лимфоцитов учитывает все слагаемые дозы и возрастные особенности динамики Т-лимфоцитов: 1) облучение предшественников Т-лимфоцитов в красном костном мозге; 2) облучение Т-лимфоцитов в каждом лимфоидном органе с учетом доли резидентных лимфоцитов, а также времени пребывания там лимфоцитов. Целью данного исследования является оценка дозовых коэффициентов, позволяющих перейти от перорального поступления I4I,I44Ce, 95Zr, 103,106Ru, 95Nb к накопленной дозе на циркулирующие Т-лимфоциты. Для расчетов использовались дозовые коэффициенты из публикаций Международной комиссии по радиологической защите для конкретных лимфоидных органов, а также опубликованные оценки времени, которое циркулирующие лимфоциты проводят в этих лимфоидных органах и тканях. В результате было показано, что дозы на циркулирующие Т-лимфоциты выше, чем дозы на красный костный мозг от этих радионуклидов, но ниже, чем дозы на стенку толстой кишки. Рассчитанные дозовые коэффициенты зависели от возраста; максимальные значения были характерны для новорожденных. Данные коэффициенты для 141,144Ce, 95Zr, 95Nb и I03,I06Ru могут быть использованы для оценки доз на органы и ткани на основе данных о частоте хромосомных аберраций в лимфоцитах периферической крови.

Assessment of the lymphocyte doses is relevant for solving a number of radiobiological problems, including the risk assessment of hemoblastosis (leukemia, multiple myeloma, lymphoma etc.), as well as the use of circulating lymphocytes as “natural biodosimeters”. The latter is because the frequency of chromosomal aberrations occurring in lymphocytes following radiation exposure is proportional to the accumulated dose. Assessment of doses to the circulating lymphocytes requires due account of: first, the dose accumulated by the lymphocyte progenitors in the red bone marrow; and second, the dose accumulated during lymphocyte circulation through lymphoid organs. The models presented by International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP-67, ICRP-100) allow calculating the dose for specific lymphoid organs based on known level of radionuclide intakes. A recently developed model of circulating T-lymphocyte irradiation takes into account all sources of exposure and age-related dynamics of T-lymphocytes: (1) exposure of lymphocyte progenitors in red bone marrow: (2) exposure of T-lymphocytes in the lymphoid organs, taking into account the proportion of resident lymphocytes and the residence time of circulating lymphocytes in the specific lymphoid organs. The objective of the study is to assess the dose coefficients allowing for the transition from the ingestion of 141,144Ce, 95Zr, 103,106Ru, 95Nb to the doses accumulated in circulating T-lymphocytes. For calculations, we used the dose coefficients from ICRP publications for specific lymphoid organs, as well as published data on the residence time of circulating lymphocytes in lymphoid organs and tissues. As a result, it was shown that the doses in circulating T-lymphocytes are higher than those in the red bone marrow, but lower than the doses to the colon wall. The dose coefficients were age dependent; the maximum values were typical for newborns. The obtained dose coefficients for 141,144Ce, 95Zr, 95Nb and 103,106Ru can be used to estimate the tissue and organ doses based on data on the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.