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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21514/1998-426X-2021-14-4-31-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-833</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Радио-эпидемиологические исследования на Урале: итоги и перспективы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radioepidemiological studies in the Urals: outcomes and future directions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аклеев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akleyev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аклеев Александр Васильевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, директор Уральского научно-практического центра радиационной медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства России</p><p>454141, г. Челябинск, ул. Воровского, 68-А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Akleyev – Doctor of Medical Science, Professor, Honoured Science Worker of the Russian Federation, Director, Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia</p><p>68A Vorovsky street, Chelyabinsk, 454141</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akleyev@urcrm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дегтева</surname><given-names>М. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Degteva</surname><given-names>M. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дегтева Марина Олеговна – кандидат технических наук, заведующая биофизической лабораторией</p><p>Челябинск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina O. Degteva – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Head, Biophysics Laboratory</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крестинина</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krestinina</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крестинина Людмила Юрьевна – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая эпидемиологической лабораторией</p><p>Челябинск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila Yu. Krestinina – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head, Epidemiological Laboratory</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства России;&#13;
Челябинский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia;&#13;
Chelyabinsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine of Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аклеев А.В., Дегтева М.О., Крестинина Л.Ю., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аклеев А.В., Дегтева М.О., Крестинина Л.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akleyev A.V., Degteva M.O., Krestinina L.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/833">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/833</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены основные этапы и итоги 65-летних исследований канцерогенных последствий аварийного радиационного облучения населения Уральского региона. Радиоактивное загрязнение реки Течи и авария 1957 г. на производственном объединении «Маяк» явились причинами многолетнего облучения населения в широком диапазоне доз. Наиболее важными задачами исследования являлись реконструкция индивидуальных доз, прослеживание состояния здоровья и жизненного статуса членов когорт. Результаты исследований показали, что хроническое облучение человека по сравнению с острым не снижает риск развития злокачественных опухолей и лейкозов, а значение фактора мощности дозы не превышает единицу. Таким образом, по нашим данным, современные рекомендации Международной комиссии по радиологической защите занижают радиационный риск злокачественных опухолей и лейкозов при хроническом облучении населения в 2 раза. Перспективы дальнейших радио-эпидемиологических исследований на Урале связаны с анализом Уральской когорты аварийно-облученного населения, которая включает около 63 000 облученных людей и позволяет оценить радиационный риск солидных раков отдельных локализаций, лейкозов отдельных видов и нераковых эффектов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper presents the key milestones and outcomes of 65-year studies of the carcinogenic consequences of accidental radiation exposure of the population of the Urals region. The radioactive contamination of the Techa River and the 1957accident at the Mayak PA were the reasons for the long-term exposure of the population at a wide range of doses. The most important tasks of the study were the reconstruction of individual doses, follow-up of the health and life status of cohort members. The research results have shown that chronic human exposure, in comparison to acute exposure, does not reduce the risk of developing malignant tumors and leukemias, and the value of the dose-rate factor does not exceed “one”. Thus, according to our data, the current recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection underestimate the radiation risk of malignant tumors and leukemias in case of chronic exposure of the population by a factor of two. Prospects for further radio-epidemiological studies in the Urals are associated with the analysis of the cohort of Southern Urals Populations Exposed to Radiation (SUPER), which includes about 63 thousand exposed people and makes it possible to assess the radiation risk of solid cancers of certain localizations, certain types of leukemia, and non-cancer effects.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>радио-эпидемиологические исследования</kwd><kwd>река Теча</kwd><kwd>Восточно-Уральский радиоактивный след</kwd><kwd>злокачественные опухоли</kwd><kwd>лейкозы</kwd><kwd>фактор мощности дозы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>radio-epidemiological studies</kwd><kwd>Techa River</kwd><kwd>East Urals Radioactive Trace</kwd><kwd>malignant tumors</kwd><kwd>leukemias</kwd><kwd>dose-rate factor</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Медико-биологические и экологические последствия радиоактивного загрязнения реки Теча / под ред. 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