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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">radhyd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Радиационная гигиена</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-426X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2409-9082</issn><publisher><publisher-name>NIIRG</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21514/1998-426X-2022-15-4-58-68</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">radhyd-911</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Scientific articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристика нейтронных полей на исследовательских ядерных реакторах бассейного типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of neutron fields at pool-type research nuclear reactors</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пышкина</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyshkina</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пышкина Мария Дмитриевна – младший научный сотрудник, ассистент; младший научный сотрудник</p><p>620219, Россия, Екатеринбург, ул. Софьи Ковалевской, д. 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya D. Pyshkina – Senior Lecturer,; Junior Researcher</p><p>Sofia Kovalevskaya str., 20, Ekaterinburg, 620219</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Maria1pyshkina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуковский</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukovsky</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жуковский Михаил Владимирович – доктор технических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Michael V. Zhukovsky – Chief Researcher, Institute of Industrial Ecology</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильев Алексей Владимирович – кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник, заведующий радиационной лабораторией</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey V. Vasilyev – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Researcher, Head of radiation department</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Екидин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ekidin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екидин Алексей Акимович – кандидат физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey A. Ekidin – Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Leading Researcher</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаров</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarov</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екидин Алексей Акимович – кандидат физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy I. Nazarov – Junior Researcher</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Романова Марина Александровна – инженер по радиационной безопасности</p><p>Заречный</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Romanova – Radiation Safety Engineer</p><p>Zarechny</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аникин</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anikin</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аникин Михаил Николаевич – начальник службы ядерной безопасности</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Michael. N. Anikin – Head of the Nuclear Safety Service, Educational and Scientific Center “Research Nuclear Reactor”</p><p> Tomsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет; Институт промышленной экологии Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg; Institute of Industrial Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт промышленной экологии Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Industrial Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «Институт реакторных материалов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University; Institute of Nuclear Materials</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Томский политехнический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tomsk polytechnical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пышкина М.Д., Жуковский М.В., Васильев А.В., Екидин А.А., Назаров Е.И., Романова М.А., Аникин М.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пышкина М.Д., Жуковский М.В., Васильев А.В., Екидин А.А., Назаров Е.И., Романова М.А., Аникин М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pyshkina M.D., Zhukovsky M.V., Vasilyev A.V., Ekidin A.A., Nazarov E.I., Romanova M.A., Anikin M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/911">https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/911</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены результаты экспериментального определения характеристик нейтронных полей за биологической защитой реакторных установок в физзале водо-водяных исследовательских реакторов бассейного типа. В работе проведены измерения энергетического распределения плотности потока нейтронного излучения, определение анизотропии и поправочных коэффициентов для индивидуальных дозиметров. Энергетическое распределение плотности потока нейтронного излучения получено с помощью многосферного дозиметра-радиометра МКС-АТ1117М с блоком детектирования БДКН-06 и набором полиэтиленовых сфер-замедлителей. По результатам определения энергетического распределения плотности потока нейтронного излучения установлены средние значения энергии нейтронов, находящиеся в диапазоне энергий 0,06–0,35 МэВ. Отличие нейтронных полей на обследованных рабочих местах персонала от нейтронных полей, в которых проводится поверка индивидуальных дозиметров, приводит к дополнительной погрешности в оценке таких дозиметрических величин, как амбиентный эквивалент дозы, индивидуальный эквивалент дозы или эффективная доза. Выполненные исследования позволяют провести совершенствование системы индивидуального дозиметрического контроля на основе цикла улучшений: новые знания – экспериментальные исследования – внедрение результатов исследований – регламентация деятельности для снижения облучения работников – анализ полученных данных – новые знания. Анизотропия излучения оценена по результатам измерений накопленной дозы нейтронного излучения индивидуальными термолюминесцентными дозиметрами, размещенными на 4 вертикальных плоскостях фантома человека. Адекватные оценки эффективной дозы облучения персонала могут быть получены с использованием поправочных коэффициентов к показаниям индивидуальных дозиметров. Для различных рабочих мест и методов поправочные коэффициенты находятся в диапазоне значений от 0,04 до 0,7. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents results of experimental determination of the characteristics of neutron fields behind the biological shielding of reactor facilities in the physical hall of pressurized water research reactors of the pool type. In the work, measurements of the energy distribution of the neutron radiation flux density, determination of anisotropy and correction factors for individual dosimeters were carried out. The energy distribution of the neutron radiation flux density was obtained using an MKS-AT1117M multi-sphere dosimeterradiometer with a BDKN-06 detection unit and a set of polyethylene moderator spheres. Based on the results of determining the energy distribution of the neutron radiation flux density, the average values of the neutron energy were established, which are in the energy range: 0.06–0.35 MeV. The difference between neutron fields at the surveyed personnel workplaces and neutron fields in which individual dosimeters are calibrated leads to an additional error in estimating such dosimetric quantities as ambient dose equivalent, individual dose equivalent or effective dose. The performed studies allow to improve the system of individual dosimetric control based on the cycle of improvements: new knowledge – experimental studies – implementation of research results – regulation of activities to reduce the exposure of workers – analysis of the data obtained – new knowledge. The radiation anisotropy was estimated from the results of measurements of the accumulated dose of neutron radiation by individual thermoluminescent dosimeters placed on four vertical planes of a human phantom. Adequate estimates of the effective dose to personnel can be obtained using correction factors for individual dosimeters. For various workplaces and methods, the correction factors range from 0.04 to 0.7. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>исследовательский реактор</kwd><kwd>нейтронное излучение</kwd><kwd>энергетическое распределение</kwd><kwd>дозиметр-радиометр</kwd><kwd>поправочный коэффициент</kwd><kwd>геометрия облучения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>research reactor</kwd><kwd>neutron radiation</kwd><kwd>energy distribution</kwd><kwd>dosimeter-radiometer</kwd><kwd>correction factor</kwd><kwd>exposure geometry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Compendium of Neutron Spectra and Detector Responses for Radiation Protection Purposes: IAEA Technical report series No. 403. 2001. 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