radhydРадиационная гигиенаRadiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene1998-426X2409-9082NIIRG10.21514/1998-426X-2023-16-2-52-64radhyd-952Research ArticleНаучные статьиScientific articlesОценка вторичного радиоактивного загрязнения дезактивированного земляного участка, расположенного на территории зоны отдыха в лесистой местностиAssessment of secondary radioactive contamination of a decontaminated land plot located on the territory of a recreation base in a wooded areaРамзаевВ. П.RamzaevV. P.

Рамзаев Валерий Павлович – кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории внешнего облучения 

Адрес для пере писки:197101, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, д. 8

Valery P. Ramzaev – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of External Exposure

Mira Str., 8, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia

V.Ramzaev@mail.ruБарковскийА. Н.BarkovskyA. N.

Барковский Анатолий Николаевич – руководитель Федерального радиологического центра, главный научный сотрудник Санкт-Петербургского научно-исследовательского института радиационной гигиены имени профессора П.В. Рамзаева

Санкт-Петербург

Anatoly N. Barkovsky – Head of the Federal Radiological Centre, Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev

aint Petersburg

Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт радиационной гигиены имени профессора П.В. Рамзаева, Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человекаРоссияSaint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human WellbeingRussian Federation2023260620231625264Copyright © Рамзаев В.П., Барковский А.Н., 20232023Рамзаев В.П., Барковский А.Н.Ramzaev V.P., Barkovsky A.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.radhyg.ru/jour/article/view/952

В статье приводятся результаты долговременного (1998–2021 гг.) радиологического мониторингового обследования загородной базы отдыха, расположенной в лесистой местности в зоне радиоактивного загрязнения после аварии на Чернобыльской АЭС. На территории базы в 1997 г. была проведена локальная механическая дезактивация почвы. Оценку вторичного радиоактивного загрязнения дезактивированной территории проводили путем сравнения динамики радиационной обстановки на обработанной площадке и контрольной, недезактивированной, части базы по 4 основным критериям: 1) мощность дозы гамма-излучения в воздухе от радионуклидов цезия; 2) плотность загрязнения почвы 137Cs; 3) вертикальное распределение 137Cs в почве; 4) содержание 137Cs в растениях и грибах. В 1998 г. значение запаса 137Cs в верхних 20 см почвы на контрольной части территории базы и дезактивированном участке составило 930 кБк/м2 и 143 кБк/м2 соответственно. К 2015 г. значение запаса 137Cs на контрольной территории и деактивированной площадке значительно снизилось: на 35% и 36% соответственно. Уменьшение мощности дозы гамма-излучения в воздухе на дезактивированном участке и контрольной территории проходило с одинаковой скоростью, которая в настоящее время в основном определяется распадом 137Cs. На участке, подвергнутом дезактивации, происходило постепенное самостоятельное восстановление лесной экосистемы. Содержание 137Cs в биоте (сосна, съедобные грибы) на обработанном участке было многократно ниже такового на контрольной части территории базы отдыха. В целом установлено, что за 24 года после вмешательства не произошло значимого вторичного радиоактивного загрязнения дезактивированного участка.

The article presents results of a long-term (1998–2021) radiological monitoring survey of a recreation base located in a wooded area in the zone of radioactive contamination after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Local mechanical decontamination of the soil had been made on the territory of the base in 1997. The evaluation of the secondary radioactive contamination of the decontaminated territory was performed by comparing dynamics of the radiological situation at the treated plot and the control, nondecontaminated, part of the base according to four main criteria: 1) dose rate of gamma radiation in the air from cesium radionuclides; 2) inventory of 137Cs in soil; 3) vertical distribution of 137Cs in soil; 4) activity concentration of 137Cs in plants and fungi. In 1998, the value of the 137Cs inventory in the upper 20 cm of soil in the control part of the territory of the base and in the decontaminated plot was 930 kBq/m2 and 143 kBq/ m2, respectively. By 2015, the value of the 137Cs inventory in the control area and the decontaminated plot had significantly decreased: by 35% and 36%, respectively. A decrease in the dose rate of gamma radiation in the air at the decontaminated plot and control area proceeded at the same rate, which is currently mainly determined by the decay of 137Cs. There was a gradual self-restoration of the forest ecosystem at the plot subjected to decontamination. Activity concentration of 137Cs in biota (pine, edible mushrooms) in the treated plot was many times lower than that in the control part of the recreation base. In general, there was no significant secondary radioactive contamination of the decontaminated plot in the 24 years after the intervention.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.