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Factors affecting the volume activity of tritium in the urine of Ozyorsk residents

https://doi.org/10.21514/1998-426X-2026-19-1-113-122

Abstract

The Mayak Production Association is an enterprise of the Rosatom State Corporation, characterized by the highest tritium emissions, which exceed the total emissions from all other nuclear industry and nuclear power enterprises in the Russian Federation. Consequently, the population of Ozyorsk, residing in close proximity to the Mayak Production Association, has been and continues to be exposed to internal irradiation from tritium over a prolonged period.

The aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the volumetric activity of tritium in urine samples from residents of Ozyorsk, a city located in the area influenced by the Mayak Production Association, to estimate the committed effective dose equivalent of internal exposure from tritium.

Materials and Methods: Urine samples were collected from Ozyorsk residents in 2016, 2017, 2018, 2021, and 2023. A total of 218 samples were collected, including 58 samples from children. The volumetric activity of tritium in urine was measured using a Quantulus-1220 device. To collect data on factors influencing tritium levels in residents’ urine, a questionnaire survey was conducted. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and R software.

Results and Discussion: The volumetric activity levels of tritium in the urine of Ozyorsk residents ranged from 4 to 49 Bq/L. A multivariate regression model was developed to describe the influence of various factors on the volumetric activity of tritium in residents’ urine under combined pathways of tritium intake. Estimates of the expected effective doses for Ozyorsk residents were less than 0.076 % of the dose limit of 1 mSv.

Conclusion: Investigating the key factors affecting the volumetric activity of tritium in residents’ urine allows not only to assess actual internal exposure doses but also to predict the doses in the event of increased tritium emissions from enterprises of the Rosatom State Corporation. Additionally, it facilitates the development of approaches for retrospective dose assessment in the population.

About the Authors

L. V. Finashov
Southern Urals Federal Research and Clinical Center for Medical Biophysics of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency
Russian Federation

Leonid V. Finashov – Head of the Laboratory, Researcher at the Laboratory of Radiation Hygiene.

19, Ozyorskoe Shosse, Ozyorsk, Chelyabinsk region, 456783



V. V. Vostrotin
Southern Urals Federal Research and Clinical Center for Medical Biophysics of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency
Russian Federation

Vadim V. Vostrotin – Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of the laboratory, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling and Software and Information Support.

Ozyorsk



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For citations:


Finashov L.V., Vostrotin V.V. Factors affecting the volume activity of tritium in the urine of Ozyorsk residents. Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene. 2026;19(1):113–122. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21514/1998-426X-2026-19-1-113-122

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ISSN 1998-426X (Print)
ISSN 2409-9082 (Online)