ON INFLUENCE OF THE UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS CRYSTAL AND KRATON-3 ON RADIOLOGICAL SITUATION IN THE NEAREST SETTLEMENTS
Abstract
The results of radiological investigations (in 2001-2002) conducted near sites of the underground nuclear explosions Crystal and Kraton-3 in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are presented. The sum of the current effective internal doses from 137Cs and 90Sr (from consumption of natural products) and the external dose from 137Cs deposition was about 21 μSv y-1 for adult residents of the urban settlements Aihal and Udachny. Intake of 137Cs and 90Sr (originating from global fallout) with reindeer meat contributes ~87% to the internal dose determined. At present, the consequences of the underground nuclear explosions, conducted in the 1970s, have no influence on the technogenic exposure of the local population.
Keywords
underground nuclear explosion,
"Crystal",
"Kraton-3",
Aikhal,
Udachny,
population,
dose,
137Cs,
90Sr
About the Authors
V. P. Ramzaev
Federal Scientific Organization «Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev» of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
I. G. Travnikova
Federal Scientific Organization «Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev» of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
L. N. Basalaeva
Federal Scientific Organization «Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev» of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
G. Ya. Bruk
Federal Scientific Organization «Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev» of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
V. Yu. Golikov
Federal Scientific Organization «Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev» of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
A. S. Mishin
Federal Scientific Organization «Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev» of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
J. E. Brown
Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority
Norway
Norway
P. Strand
Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority
Norway
Norway
References
1. Бурцев, И.С. Опыт работы по обследованию подземных ядерных взрывов и отвалов урансодержащих руд на территории Якутии [Текст] / И.С. Бурцев, С.К. Степанова, Е.Н. Колодезникова, Н.Д. Архипов // Радиационная безопасность Республики Саха (Якутия): материалы II республиканской научно-практической конференции (Якутск, 16-18 декабря 2003). - Якутск: ЯФ ГУ «Изд-во СО РАН», 2004. - С. 56-67.
2. Мясников, К.В. Аварийные ситуации на объектах мирных ядерных взрывов в России [Текст] / К.В. Мясников, В.В. Касаткин, В.А. Ильичев, В.Д. Ахунов // Радиоактивность при ядерных взрывах и авариях: труды Международной конференции; под ред. Ю.А. Израэля (Москва, 24-26 апреля 2000). - СПб.: Гидрометеоиздат, 2000. - Т.91. - С. 594-600.
3. Мирные ядерные взрывы: обеспечение общей и радиационной безопасности при их проведении [Текст] / Колл. авторов под. рук. проф. В.А. Логачева. - М. : Изд.АТ, 2001. - 519 с.
4. Miretsky, G.I. Hygienic assessment of underground peaceful nuclear explosions in Russian Arctic [Текст] / G.I. Miretsky, A.S. Cyganov, S.V. Bylinkin [et al.] // The Third International Conference on Environmental Radioactivity in the Arctic: Extended abstracts (Norway, June 1-5 1997) // TROMSPRODUCT AS, Tromsø. - 1997. - V. 2. - P. 152-155.
5. Gedeonov, A.D. Residual radioactive contamination at the peaceful underground nuclear explosion sites "Craton-3" and " Crystal" in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) [Текст] / A.D. Gedeonov, E.R. Petrov, V.G. Alexeev [et al.] // Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - 2002. - V. 60, № 1-2. - P. 221-234. - Библиогр. : 11 назв.
6. Brown, J. Environmental protection from ionizing contaminants in the Arctic. The EC Copernicus II project "EPIC" [Текст] / J. Brown, N. Beresford, S. Wright [et al.] // The 5-th International Conference on Environmental Radioactivity in the Arctic and Antarctic (St.-Petersburg, Russia, 16-20 June 2002): Proceedings edited by P. Strand, T. Jølle & Å. Sand / Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority. - Norway, 2002. - P. 101-104. - Библиогр. : P. 103-104.
7. Ramzaev, V. Surface ground contamination and soil vertical distribution of 137Cs around two underground nuclear explosion sites in the Asian Arctic, Russia [Текст] / V. Ramzaev, A. Mishine, V. Golikov, [et al.] // Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - 2007. - V. 92, № 3. - P. 123-143. - Библиогр. : 54 назв.
8. Ramzaev, V. Cumulative dose assessment using thermoluminescence properties of porcelain isolators as evidence of a severe radiation accident in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Russia, 1978 [Текст] / V. Ramzaev, H.Y. Göksu // Health Physics. - 2006. - V. 91, № 3. - P. 263-269. - Библиогр. : 23 назв.
9. Ramzaev, V. 137Cs and 90Sr in live and dead reindeer lichens (genera Cladonia) from the ''Kraton-3'' underground nuclear explosion site [Текст] / V. Ramzaev, A. Mishine, L. Basalaeva, [et al.] // Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - 2007. - V. 93, № 2. - P. 84-99. - Библиогр. : 57 назв.
10. Ramzaev, V. Radiostrontium hot spot in the Russian Arctic: ground surface contamination by 90Sr at the ''Kraton-3'' underground nuclear explosion site [Текст] / V. Ramzaev, A. Mishine, L. Basalaeva, J. Brown // Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - 2007. - V. 95, № 2-3. - P. 107-125.- Библиогр. : 58 назв.
11. Travnikova, I. Assessment of current exposure levels in different population groups of the Kola Peninsula [Текст] / I. Travnikova, V. Shutov, G. Bruck [et al.] // Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - 2002. - V. 60, № 1-2. - P. 235-248. - Библиогр. : 24 назв.
12. Методические рекомендации по санитарному контролю за содержанием радиоактивных веществ в объектах внешней среды [Текст] / Под редакцией А.Н. Марея и А.С. Зыковой. - М.: Министерство здравоохранения СССР, вторая типография МЗ СССР, 1980. - 336 с.
13. Age-dependent doses to members of the public from intake of radionuclides: Part 5. Compilation of ingestion and inhalation dose coefficients [Текст] : ICRP Publication 72 // Annals of the ICRP. - 1996. - V. 26, No. 1. - ISSN 0146-6453 (Elsevier Science Ltd., Oxford, 1996).
14. Golikov, V. Evaluation of conversion coefficients from measurable to risk quantities for external exposure over contaminated soil by use of physical human phantoms [Текст] / V. Golikov, E. Wallström, T. Wöhni [et al.] // Radiation and Environmental Biophysics. - 2007. - V. 46, № 4. - P. 375-382. - Библиогр. : 23 назв.
15. UNSCEAR - United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Sources and effects of ionizing radiation, 2000 Report to the General Assembly with Scientific Annexes. Volume 1: Sources [Текст] / United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. - New York: United Nations, 2000. - 654 p.
16. Ramzaev, V. Gamma-dose rates from terrestrial and Chernobyl radionuclides inside and outside settlements in the Bryansk Region, Russia in 1996-2003 [Текст] / V. Ramzaev, H. Yonehara, R. Hille [et al.] // Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - 2006. - V. 85, № 2-3. - P. 205-227. - Библиогр. : 40 назв.
17. Ушницкий, В.Е. Радиоактивные загрязнения в мерзлотных ландшафтах Якутии и их мониторинг [Текст] / В.Е. Ушницкий, П.И. Собакин // Радиационная безопасность Республики Саха (Якутия): материалы II республиканской научно-практической конференции (16-18 декабря 2003). - Якутск: ЯФ ГУ «Изд-во СО РАН», 2004. - С. 75-82. - Библиогр.: С. 82.
18. Васильева, Т.А. Радиационная обстановка в РС(Я) за период 1998-2002 [Текст] / Т.А. Васильева // там же, С. 28-38.
19. Елисеева, Т.Н. Обзор динамики загрязнения радионуклидами объектов ветеринарного надзора РС (Я) за 1998-2002 [Текст] / Т.Н. Елисеева, О.И. Поликарпова // Там же. - С. 39-42.
20. Гигиенические требования безопасности и пищевой ценности пищевых продуктов [Текст]: Санитарно-эпидемиологические правила и нормативы: (СанПиН 2.3.2.1078-01): утв. 14.11.2001. - Взамен СанПиН 2.3.2.560-96. - М. : Минздрав России, 2002. - 168 с.
21. Санитарные правила (СП 2.6.1.799-99) [Текст] : Основные санитарные правила обеспечения радиационной безопасности (ОСПОРБ-99): утв. 27.12.1999. - Взамен ОСП-72/87. - М. : Минздрав России, 2000. - 98 с.
Review
For citations:
Ramzaev V.P., Travnikova I.G., Basalaeva L.N., Bruk G.Ya., Golikov V.Yu., Mishin A.S., Brown J.E., Strand P. ON INFLUENCE OF THE UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS CRYSTAL AND KRATON-3 ON RADIOLOGICAL SITUATION IN THE NEAREST SETTLEMENTS. Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene. 2008;1(2):14-19. (In Russ.)
Views:
1876
Email this article 