The paper predicts the permissible levels of 137Cs contamination of agricultural lands where the obtaining of farm products in compliance with the existing standards is possible at different countermeasure scales in the affected areas. Exemplified by the south-western districts of the Bryansk region affected by the Chernobyl accident, the time periods are estimated when plant and fodder production in accordance with the radiological standards is ensured.

The results of radiological investigations (in 2001-2002) conducted near sites of the underground nuclear explosions Crystal and Kraton-3 in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are presented. The sum of the current effective internal doses from 137Cs and 90Sr (from consumption of natural products) and the external dose from 137Cs deposition was about 21 μSv y-1 for adult residents of the urban settlements Aihal and Udachny. Intake of 137Cs and 90Sr (originating from global fallout) with reindeer meat contributes ~87% to the internal dose determined. At present, the consequences of the underground nuclear explosions, conducted in the 1970s, have no influence on the technogenic exposure of the local population.

The method is intended for performance of zoning of a radioactive trace of emergency emission basing on the value of the level of an effective dose rate above a ground surface in this or that moment after emission. The actual composition of radionuclides, which deposited on the ground surface, is taken into consideration. The method allows to determine actual location of the borders of the zones of radiation control, limited residing, eviction and alienation according to the level of the effective dose above the ground surface in this or that moment after the emission. It enables to carry out the zoning of radioactive traces beginning with the moment of the radionuclides composition of fallout on a ground surface determination, without waiting of the accumulation of set full annual doses. As a result it is possible to start carrying out of countermeasures on the territory of a radioactive trace correspondingly to the levels of expected doses in a due time, i.e. before people will receive the doses.

The paper contains a review of the data relevant to the technologies and some results of the mechanical decontamination of the ground and buildings located at the territory of two recreational areas in the Bryansk Region. Both areas were significantly contaminated by the Chernobyl debris in 1986. The obtained values of the gamma-dose rate reduction factor were about 0.2 and 0.3 for the outdoor and indoor locations, respectively. The follow-up monitoring of the treated and control areas demonstrated long-term stability of the effect of the decontamination carried out.

The article presents results of analysis for development and implementation of the national permissible levels for Cs-137 and Sr-90 contamination of the foodstuff and water. These permissible levels were introduced in Belarus after the accident at the Chernobyl NPP as a protective measure to limit the doses of internal exposure. The article also contains comparison between numerical values of permissible levels introduced in Belarus, Ukraine and Russian as well as between the potential doses of internal exposure which could be formed while consuming the contaminated foodstuff with the levels of contamination equal to the permissible levels. The possibilities for harmonization of the permissible levels in three countries are discussed. The expediency of establishing quotes for doses of internal and external exposure is considered.

This paper is devoted to results of comparative analysis of primarily morbidity in two groups of recovery workers of Chernobyl Accident in a period from 1986 up to 2005 years. The groups differed in exposure doses of radiation but identical in age distribution. For the first group the doses were 200-860 mGy (recovery workers of 1986-87 years). The doses of second group didn't exceed 50 mGy (recovery workers of 1988-89 years). Indices of health status in the first group were superior then for the second group practically for every class of Intenational Classification of Disease - 10. Morbidity in the first group was higher then in the second group nearly for all classes of illness. Among all the types of total morbidity, exceeding of neurotic and urinary diseases were statistically significant.

The article presents the analysis of radiation environment and work experience of Rospotrebnadzor Administration in St. Petersburg in the field of organizing of population radiation protection control and interaction with the local government executive bodies. It shows the level and structure of the city population collective doses from the main dose forming ionizing irradiation sources. It emphasizes the integrated method of solving the population exposure limitation issues based on the results of radiation-hygienic passport system and on the data from Uniform State System for Doses Control and Registration. The evaluation of the work being carried out is given.

Data on alterations in the immunity of the population of the Extreme North are summarized and subjected to analysis. A special attention is paid to the aborigines for they are subjected to a chronic internal low-dose irradiation resulting from the input into their body of natural and artificial radionuclides along the nutrition ecologic chain lichen - reindeer - human being. The alteration of immunity is due to the complex action of extreme climate conditions, toxic chemicals, and other factors. The effect of low doses of ionizing radiation requires further study.

ICRP position concerning application of the new recommendations for situations of planned, emergency and existing exposure protection is formulated in this publication. Important part of the new ICRP publication review is devoted to medical exposure.
Authors' opinion about acceptability of some propositions of ICRP publication for further Radiation Safety Standards (RSS) edition is given.

Article considers modern system of the experts in the field of radiating hygiene training in Russia. The analysis of onwards system peculiarities and existing problems is given. Ways of the further improvement are proposed.